Clinical nutrition : official journal of the European Society of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Albumin synthesis rates in post-surgical infants and septic adolescents; influence of amino acids, energy, and insulin.
To investigate the effects of glucose, parenteral amino acids, and intravenous insulin on albumin synthesis rates in critically ill children. ⋯ Albumin synthesis rates in hypoalbuminemic critically ill children are high but were not upregulated through nutrient supply, and in septic adolescents are unaffected by insulin.
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Comparative Study
Higher plasma pyridoxal 5'-phosphate is associated with better blood glucose responses in critically ill surgical patients with inadequate vitamin B-6 status.
Stress, inflammation, and clinical conditions may increase the utilization and metabolic turnover of vitamin B-6 and lower the body pool of vitamin B-6. There is the possibility that hyperglycemia in critically ill patients might be at least partially due to compromised vitamin B-6 status. The purpose of this study was to compare blood glucose responses between critically ill surgical patients with adequate and deficient vitamin B-6 status. ⋯ Surgically ill patients with adequate plasma PLP concentration at admission showed improved blood glucose response at day 7. Higher plasma PLP at admission was a major contributing factor in the reduction of glucose concentration in critically ill surgical patients with deficient vitamin B-6 status.
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To determine whether early nutritional support reduces mortality and the incidence of nosocomial infection, in critically ill patients in the current practice. ⋯ Our study shows that early nutrition support reduces ICU mortality in critically ill patients, although it does not demonstrate any influence over nosocomial infection in the current practice in intensive care.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
The immunomodulating enteral nutrition in malnourished surgical patients - a prospective, randomized, double-blind clinical trial.
The immunomodulating nutrition was supposed to reduce the incidence of complications in surgical patients, but many authors have questioned its value recently. The aim of the study was to assess the impact of enteral immunonutrition in postoperative period. ⋯ The study proved that postoperative immunomodulating enteral nutrition should be the treatment of choice in malnourished surgical cancer patients. The Clinical Trials Database registry number: NCT00576940.
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Comparative Study
Assessment of food intake in hospitalised patients: a 10-year comparative study of a prospective hospital survey.
A food quality control and improvement permanent process was initiated in 1999. To evaluate the food service evolution, protein-energy needs coverage were compared in 1999 and 2008 with the same structure survey in all hospitalized patients receiving 3 meals/day. ⋯ The nutritional needs coverage could have improved in 2008 if BMI was similar to 1999's. ONS consumption is associated with a lower risk of underfeeding in hospitalized patients.