Retina
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
Preemptive analgesia with ropivacaine for pars plana vitrectomy: randomized controlled trial on efficacy and required dose.
The rationale of preemptive analgesia in ocular surgery is avoiding central sensitization because of nociceptive stimuli. The applicability in clinical practice has been argued because evidence for a relevant effect is missing. The present study attempts to demonstrate a clinically relevant pain reduction by preemptive peribulbar ropivacaine injection. ⋯ The study highlights the benefit of the concept of preemptive analgesia in general: the peribulbar injection of 5 mL of 0.75% ropivacaine before surgery provides a substantial benefit in terms of analgesic demand and postoperative discomfort.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
Comparison of topical anesthetics for intravitreal injections : a randomized clinical trial.
To determine whether there is a difference in anesthetic effect between topical proparacaine drops, 4% lidocaine solution, or 3.5% lidocaine gel, and whether this has an impact on the overall injection experience. ⋯ The use of topical proparacaine drops provides very effective and cost-effective anesthesia during office-based intravitreal injections.
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Comparative Study
A comparison of brilliant blue G, trypan blue, and indocyanine green dyes to assist internal limiting membrane peeling during macular hole surgery.
To compare surgical outcomes with three dyes, brilliant blue G (BBG), trypan blue (TB) and indocyanine green (ICG), used to facilitate internal limiting membrane peeling during macular hole surgery. ⋯ Brilliant blue G was comparable with TB in optimizing visual and functional outcomes, while it was similar to ICG in ease of internal limiting membrane peeling.
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To identify the risk factors for endogenous endophthalmitis secondary to Klebsiella pneumoniae liver abscess. ⋯ Although the prognosis of endogenous K. pneumoniae endophthalmitis is generally poor, some eyes might be saved if treated early enough. Diabetes is a significant risk factor for the development of endogenous endophthalmitis and poor visual outcome in patients with K. pneumoniae liver abscess. Early vitrectomy might be considered in patients whose anterior chamber inflammation did not respond well to intravitreal antibiotics.
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To evaluate the biocompatibility of the three currently most commonly used triamcinolone acetonide (TA) preparations on retinal cells. ⋯ Retinal cytotoxicity of TA seems only to occur when there is intimate contact of TA crystals with the cellular membrane. Cytotoxicity depends on the number and size of TA crystal aggregates-with larger conglomerates being more harmful. Of the TA formulations tested, triamcinolone acetonide injectable suspension had the strongest tendency to form large TA crystal conglomerates and to gravitate downward.