The American journal of emergency medicine
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To determine the rates of clinically significant tachyarrhythmias and mortality in the management of post-resuscitative shock after return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) in patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) who receive a continuous epinephrine versus norepinephrine infusion. ⋯ There was no statistically significant difference in clinically significant cardiac tachyarrhythmias in post-OHCA patients treated with epinephrine versus norepinephrine infusions after ROSC. Re-arrest rates and in-hospital mortality were higher in patients who received epinephrine infusions in the first 6 h post-ROSC. Results of this study add to the literature suggesting norepinephrine may be the vasopressor of choice in post-OHCA patients with post-resuscitative shock after ROSC.
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Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors lower glucose levels by reducing glucose reabsorption in the kidneys, which can lead to ketogenesis. Euglycemic diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is a rare but potentially life-threatening complication of SGLT2 inhibitors that can be triggered by trauma. ⋯ Delayed recognition of euglycemic DKA in this case led to progressive metabolic deterioration. This report emphasizes the importance of promptly suspecting, diagnosing, and treating euglycemic DKA in patients with traumatic injuries who exhibit high anion-gap metabolic acidosis, ketonuria, and glucosuria-even if they do not have significant hyperglycemia.
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Spontaneous Coronary Artery Dissection (SCAD) is a significant cause of acute coronary syndrome. SCAD frequently affects young women, often without cardiovascular risk factors. ⋯ Based on clinical context, treatment is divided into conservative methods and revascularization with either percutaneous coronary intervention or bypass grafting. This case report describes a 26-year-old female with a preceding diagnosis of myopericarditis who presented to the ED with inferior STEMI and was subsequently diagnosed with a spontaneous right coronary artery dissection.
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Four-factor prothrombin complex concentrate (4F-PCC) is standard of care for emergent vitamin K antagonist (VKA) reversal but optimal dosing is uncertain. This meta-analysis estimated the proportion of patients treated with fixed dose (FD) 4F-PCC who achieved adequate reversal and compared safety and efficacy of FD versus weight-based dose (WB) strategies. ⋯ FD VKA reversal was associated with significantly lower attainment of goal INR compared to WB with lower INR targets. This did not translate to differences in hospital mortality, but these results should be interpreted cautiously in light of the observational nature of the included studies.
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Flexor tenosynovitis (FTS) is a deep space infection of an upper extremity digit which carries a high rate of morbidity. ⋯ An understanding of the presentation and risk factors for development of FTS can assist emergency clinicians in diagnosing and managing this disease in an expedited fashion.