Resuscitation
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Compression force-depth relationship during out-of-hospital cardiopulmonary resuscitation.
Recent clinical studies reporting the high frequency of inadequate chest compression depth (<38 mm) during CPR, have prompted the question if adult human chest characteristics render it difficult to attain the recommended compression depth in certain patients. ⋯ In most out-of-hospital cardiac arrest victims adequate chest compression depth can be achieved by a force<50 kg, indicating that an average sized and fit rescuer should be able to perform effective CPR in most adult patients.
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Multicenter Study
Advanced cardiac life support training improves long-term survival from in-hospital cardiac arrest.
Advanced cardiac life support (ACLS) training was introduced to bring order and a systematic approach to the treatment of cardiac arrest by professional responders. In spite of the wide dissemination of ACLS training, it has been difficult to demonstrate improved outcome following such training. ⋯ The presence of at least one ACLS-trained team member at in-hospital resuscitation efforts increases both short and long-term survival following cardiac arrest.
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A prospective manikin-based observational study of telephone-directed cardiopulmonary resuscitation.
Bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) significantly improves the outcome from sudden cardiac arrest (SCA) and is therefore encouraged by offering telephone instructions to the bystander. The effectiveness of this technique was examined in a manikin-based study. ⋯ Few bystanders perform CPR satisfactorily and further work is necessary to improve the effectiveness of telephone CPR instructions.
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Although the concept of intermittent airway occlusion with the inspiratory impedance threshold valve (ITV) is a well-recognised strategy for improving efficiency of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), little is known about possible pulmonary side effects. ⋯ In this animal model with a beating heart, intermittent airway obstruction through an ITV combined with apnoeic oxygenation and without active ventilation resulted in hypoxaemia due to transiently impaired lung function.