Resuscitation
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We have previously demonstrated that early intra-nasal cooling improved post-resuscitation neurological outcomes. The present study utilizing a porcine model of prolonged cardiac arrest investigated the effects of intra-nasal cooling initiated at the start of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) on resuscitation success. Our hypothesis was that rapid nasal cooling initiated during "low-flow" improves return of spontaneous resuscitation (ROSC). ⋯ Intra-nasal cooling initiated at the start of CPR significantly improves the success of resuscitation in a porcine model of prolonged cardiac arrest. This may have occurred by preventing brain hyperthermia.
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Comparative Study
Impact of transport to critical care medical centers on outcomes after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest.
Post-resuscitation care has emerged as an important predictor of survival from out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA). In Japan, selected hospitals are certified as Critical Care Medical Centers (CCMCs) based on their ability and expertise. ⋯ Survival after OHCA of presumed cardiac etiology transported to CCMCs was better than those transported to NCCHs. For OHCA patients without field ROSC, transport to a CCMC was an independent predictor for a good neurological outcome.
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We examined the relationship between time from collapse to arrival of emergency medical services (EMS) and survival to hospital discharge for out-of-hospital ventricular fibrillation cardiac arrests in order to determine meaningful interpretations of this association. ⋯ The results of our analyses show that survival from out-of-hospital cardiac arrest does not decline at a constant rate following collapse. Models that incorporate changes that reflect the physiological alterations that occur following cardiac arrests are a more accurate way to describe changes in survival rates over time than models that include only a continuous term for time.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
Rescuer fatigue and cardiopulmonary resuscitation positions: A randomized controlled crossover trial.
During cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), it is recommended to alternate rescuers every 2 min when two or more rescuers are available, regardless of the rescuer's position. It is unclear, however, whether rescuer fatigue depends on the rescuer's position. ⋯ CPR is best performed in a kneeling position. In order to minimize rescuer fatigue, we recommend alternating rescuers every 2 min while kneeling or standing on a taboret, and every 1 min while standing on the floor.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
Rapid sequence airway vs rapid sequence intubation in a simulated trauma airway by flight crew.
Rapid sequence airway (RSA) utilizes rapid sequence intubation (RSI) pharmacology followed by the placement of an extraglottic airway without direct laryngoscopy. ⋯ In a simulated moderately difficult trauma airway managed by FC, RSA results in a significantly shorter time to secure the airway and less hypoxemia compared to RSI.