Resuscitation
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
The effects of different instructional methods on students' acquisition and retention of cardiopulmonary resuscitation skills.
The need was evident for the evaluation of applicability and effectiveness of different types of instructional strategies to teach CPR skills. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of traditional, case-based, and web-based instructional methods on acquisition and retention of CPR skills. ⋯ The students in traditional and case-based instruction groups showed better CPR performance than students in web-based instruction group that used video self-instruction as a learning tool.
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Two simple questions have been used to classify neurologic outcome in patients with stroke. Could they be similarly applied to patients with cardiac arrest? ⋯ Neurologic outcomes based on the two simple questions after cardiac arrest can be easily determined, sensibly applied, and readily interpreted. These preliminary findings justify further evaluation of this simple and practical approach to classify neurologic outcome in survivors of cardiac arrest.
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A common reason for bystanders' failure to perform CPR in real or hypothetical situations is their lack of confidence in themselves. CPR self-training, which uses learner-operated virtual media rather than a live instructor, has not been assessed for its ability to influence learners' attitudes toward performing CPR in a real emergency. The aim of this study was to compare attitude effects associated with traditional, live instruction versus self-training or no instruction. ⋯ Live training does not pose any measurable advantage for developing learners' positive attitudes. The counterintuitive finding that controls experienced similar levels of attitude change suggests that mere exposure to CPR testing can have positive effects on attitudes.
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Although computed tomography (CT) signs of ischaemia, including loss of boundary (LOB) between grey matter and white matter and cortical sulcal effacement, in cardiac arrest (CA) survivors are known, their temporal profile and prognostic significance remains unclear; their clarification is necessary. ⋯ A time window may exist for ischaemic CT signs in CA survivors. The LOB sign may develop when the CA-ROSC interval exceeds 20 min, whereas the sulcal effacement sign may develop later. However, their temporal profile and outcome predictability should be verified by multicentre studies.
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This study aimed at evaluating (I) the impact of different intra-arrest hypothermia levels on the expression of selected cytokines and (II) their prognostic value for 9-day survival. ⋯ The systemic inflammatory response syndrome after cardiac arrest was reflected by a remarkable increase of plasma IL-6 and TNF-alpha levels. Intra-arrest hypothermia levels did not influence the expression of selected cytokines. As prognostic marker for survival IL-10 was identified with decreasing mRNA levels during cardiac arrest in survivors.