Resuscitation
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The TTM2-trial is a multi-centre randomised clinical trial where targeted temperature management (TTM) at 33 °C will be compared with normothermia and early treatment of fever (≥37.8 °C) after Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest (OHCA). This paper presents the design and rationale of the TTM2-trial follow-up, where information on secondary and exploratory outcomes will be collected. We also present the explorative outcome analyses which will focus on neurocognitive function and societal participation in OHCA-survivors. ⋯ The TTM2-trial follow-up is a pragmatic yet detailed pre-planned and standardised assessment of patient's outcome designed to ensure data-quality, decrease missing data and provide optimal conditions to investigate clinically relevant effects of TTM, including OHCA-survivors' neurocognitive function and societal participation.
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Female out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) patients have been reported to be less likely to receive cardiopulmonary resuscitation by bystanders compared with male patients in prehospital settings. However, no clinical studies have investigated gender disparities in the application of public-access automated external defibrillator (AED) pads among OHCA patients in public locations. ⋯ In this population, female OHCA patients of reproductive age (15-49 years) were less likely to receive public-access AED pad application compared with male patients of the same age group.
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In this study, we investigate the impact of bystander relation and medical training on survival to hospital discharge in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) patients receiving bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). ⋯ This study supports ongoing efforts to crowdsource a larger number of first responders with medical training to OHCA patients to assist with the provision of CPR and early defibrillation.
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Observational Study
Epidemiology and outcome of emergency medical service witnessed out-of-hospital-cardiac arrest by prodromal symptom: Nationwide observational study.
Although emergency medical service- (EMS-) witnessed out-of-hospital-cardiac arrest (OHCA) has a high survival rate and potential for prevention of progression to cardiac arrest, its characteristics and prodromal symptoms are not well known. The purpose of this study was to investigate the epidemiologic characteristics and outcome of EMS-witnessed OHCA by focusing on its prodromal symptoms. ⋯ About 40% of EMS-witnessed OHCA patients had prodromal symptom before cardiac arrest. In cardiac etiology, patients with cardiac symptoms had the best rate of survival to discharge and good neurological outcome. Promoting public awareness of prodromal symptoms is needed to earn time for preparedness and prevention of progression to cardiac arrest.