Resuscitation
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To assess the use of extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (ECPR), compared with manual or mechanical cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) and in-hospital cardiac arrest (IHCA) in adults and children. ⋯ There is inconclusive evidence to either support or refute the use of ECPR for OHCA and IHCA in adults and children. The quality of evidence across studies is very low.
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Observational Study
Assessment of the 11-year nationwide trend of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest cases among elderly patients in Japan (2005-2015).
Japan has one of the most rapidly aging societies worldwide. This study aimed to assess the long-term nationwide trend of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) cases among elderly patients in Japan. ⋯ Based on this long-term nationwide observational study in Japan, the number of elderly patients with OHCA increased annually, and a significant improvement in the patients' neurological outcomes was noted regardless of age category, particularly among those with an initially shockable rhythm.
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We aimed to evaluate the associations between the centralization of dispatch centers and dispatcher-assisted bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation (DA-BCPR) for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) patients. ⋯ The centralization of dispatch centers was associated with an improved bystander CPR rate and dispatcher-provided CPR instructions for OHCA patients.