American journal of perinatology
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Observational Study
Volume guarantee ventilation during surgical closure of patent ductus arteriosus.
Surgical closure of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) is associated with adverse outcomes. Surgical exposure requires retraction of the lung, resulting in decreased aeration and compliance. Optimal respiratory support for PDA surgery is unknown. Experience with volume guarantee (VG) ventilation at our institution led us to hypothesize that surgery would be better tolerated with automatic adjustment of pressure by VG to maintain tidal volume (VT) during retraction. ⋯ VG avoided hypoxemia and maintained adequate VT with only a modest increase in peak inflation pressure and thus may be a useful mode during PDA surgery.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
Fetal fibronectin versus cervical length as predictors of preterm birth in twin pregnancy with or without 17-hydroxyprogesterone caproate.
The objective of this study was to compare cervicovaginal fetal fibronectin (FFN) versus transvaginal sonographic cervical length as predictors of preterm birth in twin pregnancy and to test whether 17-hydroxyprogesterone caproate (17OHPc) modifies the predictive value of FFN. ⋯ Positive FFN was stronger than cervical length ≤ 25 mm in predicting early preterm birth in twins, regardless of 17OHPc use. Treatment with 17OHPc did not appear to alter the predictive value of FFN.
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The aim of the study was to describe our experience using a modified nasal cannula to deliver nasal continuous positive airway pressure and/or nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation during primary neonatal resuscitation of preterm and term newborns. ⋯ Neonatal resuscitation can be effectively performed in preterm and term newborns using a modified nasal cannula in the delivery room.
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Observational Study
Efficacy of prophylactic fluconazole therapy in decreasing the incidence of Candida infections in extremely low birth weight preterm infants.
Systemic fungal infections are major causes of morbidity and mortality, and are associated with significant neurodevelopmental impairment in premature infants. Our objective was to evaluate the efficacy of fluconazole prophylaxis in prevention of systemic fungal infections among preterm infants. ⋯ We suggest that intravenous fluconazole prophylaxis at a dose of 3 mg/kg twice a week is a safe and effective strategy for decreasing systemic fungal infections even in neonatal intensive care units with low rates of invasive Candida infection.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Role of pentoxifylline and/or IgM-enriched intravenous immunoglobulin in the management of neonatal sepsis.
To investigate the effectivity of pentoxifylline (PTX) and immunoglobulin M (IgM)-enriched intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) therapy in the treatment of neonatal sepsis (NS), alone or in combination. ⋯ PTX and IgM-enriched IVIG therapies, either alone or in combination, did not reduce the rates of morbidities and mortality in NS.