Upsala journal of medical sciences
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The aim of this study was to investigate whether poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibition improves endothelin-1 (ET-1)-induced endothelial dysfunction (ED). ⋯ Our studies demonstrate that ED induced by ET-1 seems to be effected via oxidative stress in the thoracic aorta endothelium with subsequent activation of the PARP pathway.
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Combination antibiotic therapy for Gram-negative sepsis is controversial. The present review provides a brief summary of the existing knowledge on combination therapy for severe infections with multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas spp., Acinetobacter spp., and Enterobacteriaceae. Empirical combination antibiotic therapy is recommended for severe sepsis and septic shock to reduce mortality related to inappropriate antibiotic treatment. ⋯ In vitro data suggest that combinations can be effective even if the bacteria are resistant to the individual antibiotics, although existing evidence is insufficient to support the choice of combinations and explain the synergistic effects observed. In vitro models can be used to screen for effective combinations that can later be validated in animal or clinical studies. Further, in the absence of clinical evidence, in vitro data might be useful in supporting therapeutic decisions for severe infections with multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria.