Pediatric dermatology
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Pediatric dermatology · Jan 2014
ReviewDiaper dermatitis: etiology, manifestations, prevention, and management.
Pediatricians and parents report diaper dermatitis (DD) to be one of the most common skin diseases that affects almost every child at some point during the early months and years of life. Diapered skin is exposed to friction and excessive hydration, has a higher pH than nondiapered skin, and is repeatedly soiled with feces that contains enzymes with high irritation potential for the skin. The combination of these factors frequently results in skin damage, leading to visible erythematous lesions that can be irritating and painful to the child. ⋯ Appropriate skin care can help to prevent the occurrence of DD and to speed up the healing of affected skin. This includes frequent diaper changes and aeration, gentle cleansing, and the use of a barrier cream. Mild to moderate cases usually resolve after a few days of following this routine, but the use of harsh cleaning products can exacerbate DD.
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Pediatric dermatology · Sep 2013
Review Case ReportsAgminated spitz nevi: case report and review of the literature.
Spitz nevi are benign melanocytic lesions with many histologic similarities to malignant melanoma. A case of agminated Spitz nevi on a 2-year-old boy's left cheek is reported and 41 other cases of agminated Spitz nevi are reviewed. In this case, two biopsies were performed on two different-appearing lesions and the results of both biopsies showed Spitz nevi.
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Pediatric dermatology · Jul 2013
ReviewCapillary malformation--arteriovenous malformation syndrome: review of the literature, proposed diagnostic criteria, and recommendations for management.
Capillary malformation-arteriovenous malformation syndrome is an autosomal dominant disorder caused by mutations in the RASA1 gene and characterized by multiple small, round to oval capillary malformations with or without arteriovenous malformations. Ateriovenous malformations occur in up to one-third of patients and may involve the brain and spine. Although making the diagnosis is straightforward in some patients, there are other patients for whom diagnostic criteria may be helpful in their evaluation. Here we review the literature regarding capillary malformation-arteriovenous malformation syndrome, propose diagnostic criteria, and discuss the care of patients with this condition.
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Pediatric dermatology · Jul 2012
Review Case ReportsWhite sponge nevus: clinical suspicion and diagnosis.
White sponge nevus is a rare, autosomal-dominant disorder that affects the noncornified stratified squamous epithelia. Clinically, the presence of white, spongy plaques mostly in the buccal, labial, and gingival mucosa and the floor of the mouth characterize the lesions. The differential diagnosis of the lesion may be difficult and it is best diagnosed by biopsy. We report a case of white sponge nevus in the oral cavity of a 16-year-old boy and review of the literature.
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Pediatric dermatology · Mar 2012
Review Case ReportsAcute genital ulcers in nonsexually active young girls: case series, review of the literature, and evaluation and management recommendations.
Acute genital ulcers rarely occur in nonsexually active young girls. When present, they can cause significant physical and emotional distress for the patient and her parents, and prompt an evaluation for sexual abuse and sexually transmitted diseases. With this review, we aim to further characterize acute genital ulcers in nonsexually active young girls by reviewing the medical records of patients with this disorder and to offer an approach to the diagnosis, evaluation, and treatment of acute genital ulcers based on our understanding and knowledge of this condition. ⋯ Acute genital ulcers in nonsexually active young girls likely represent a form of idiopathic vulvar aphthosis. Evaluation of a first episode of acute genital ulcers with mild prodromal symptoms should be limited. Treatment consists primarily of supportive care and symptom relief.