Revue des maladies respiratoires
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Review
[COPD and inflammation: statement from a French expert group. Phenotypes related to inflammation].
The objective of the present article is to review available data on possible links between phenotypes and inflammatory profiles in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). ⋯ In COPD, many aspects of the clinical phenotype are related to inflammation. Better knowledge of these relationships could help optimize current and future treatments.
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Sickle cell disease is an autosomal genetic condition which represents the most frequent genetic disease in Île-de-France and Caribbean islands. The main clinical manifestations can be divided into infectious disease, hemolytic anemia and vaso-occlusive events. Pulmonary complications represent 20 to 30% of mortality due to sickle cell and can be divided into acute and chronic events. ⋯ Prognosis is poor with 12.5% of patients dying in the first two years following diagnosis irrespective of the actual pulmonary artery pressure level. There are currently limited data on the effects of any treatment modality. Other respiratory complications such as sleep disorders and nocturnal hypoxemia, infiltrative lung disease and exertional dyspnea are described and should be considered.
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Blunt chest trauma is a frequent injury and it can be difficult to evaluate its seriousness. The risk of acute decompensation because of an occult thoracic lesion is a significant and justified cause for concern. ⋯ The management of blunt chest trauma should include a very systematic first evaluation to avoid diagnostic pitfalls and decrease the risk of subsequent respiratory failure.
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Children living in rural areas had lower prevalence of allergies than children from cities, in relation to farming exposure. ⋯ The farming environment, very specific, could be an important model for better understanding the mechanisms involved in allergic and respiratory diseases. In addition, urbanization and thus reduction of the rural environment, may well explain the increased prevalence of allergies observed in the past 50 years.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
[Oxygen therapy by a portable concentrator with a demand valve: a randomised controlled study of its effectiveness in patients with COPD].
There is doubt concerning the clinical effectiveness of portable oxygen concentrators with a control valve (PCDV) and their appreciation by patients. Objectives. To compare the effectiveness and appreciation of oxygen therapy by PCDV and liquid oxygen by continuous f low (O(2)Liq). ⋯ The PCDV model that we tested was equally effective to O(2)Liq. However, the prescription of this type of system is a matter of personal choice.