Journal of rehabilitation research and development
-
The objective of this study was to conduct a kinetic analysis of manual wheelchair propulsion during start-up on select indoor and outdoor surfaces. Eleven manual wheelchairs were fitted with a SMART(Wheel) and their users were asked to push on a course consisting of high- and low-pile carpet, indoor tile, interlocking concrete pavers, smooth level concrete, grass, hardwood flooring, and a sidewalk with a 5-degree grade. Peak resultant force, wheel torque, mechanical effective force, and maximum resultant force rate of rise were analyzed during start-up for each surface and normalized relative to their steady-state values on the smooth level concrete. ⋯ Users were found to travel shorter distances up the ramp and across grass (p < 0.0025) and had a higher stroke count on the ramp (p = 0.0124). While peak velocity was not statistically different, average velocity was slower for the ramp and grass, which indicates greater wheelchair/user deceleration between strokes. The differences noted between surfaces highlight the importance of evaluating wheelchair propulsion ability over a range of surfaces.
-
We intend to demonstrate that future treatment strategies in spinal cord injury (SCI) rehabilitation to restore function (SCI rehabilitation) should be based on the success of rigorous clinical trials with demonstrated effective interventions. Knowing the course of neurological recovery, its mechanism, and its measures will be essential in designing and executing these trials. We reviewed selected recovery outcomes and measures from multicenter studies and a large SCI database. ⋯ The Walking Index for Spinal Cord Injury (WISCI) has recently demonstrated criterion validity and increased sensitivity and responsiveness to change in neurological/walking function in subjects with SCI. The WISCI scale correlated well with measures in use to determine improved walking function regarding walking speed, lower-limb motor scores, and other measures. Demonstrating improved neurologic and functional outcomes following SCI requires accurate neurologic and sensitive functional measures.
-
A fundamental goal of the Rehabilitation Outcomes Research Center of Excellence is to improve care and outcomes for veterans with rehabilitation needs. To achieve this goal, the Center's primary objective is increasing research capacity. The Integrated Stroke Outcomes Database is a collection of Veterans Health Administration (VHA) clinical and administrative data containing patient information on a cohort of stroke patients found in the Functional Status Outcomes Database (FSOD), National Patient Care Database (NPCD), and other VHA sources. ⋯ A primary cohort of stroke patients treated during fiscal year (FY) 2001 was identified from the FSOD. Matching data from the NPCD, Decision Support System, Health Economics Resource Center, and the National Veterans Survey were obtained, merged, and reported in brief. This integrated database structure will provide valuable support to enhance the VHA capacity to perform stroke rehabilitation research.
-
Comparative Study
Biomechanical analysis of cervical orthoses in flexion and extension: a comparison of cervical collars and cervical thoracic orthoses.
The analysis of current cervical collars (Aspen and Miami J collars) and cervical thoracic orthoses (CTOs) (Aspen 2-post and Aspen 4-post CTOs) in reducing cervical intervertebral and gross range of motion in flexion and extension was performed using 20 normal volunteer subjects. The gross sagittal motion of the head was measured relative to the horizon with the use of an optoelectronic motion measurement system. Simultaneous measurement of cervical intervertebral motion was performed with the use of a video fluoroscopy (VF) machine. ⋯ No statistically significant differences were found between the Miami J and Aspen collars in reducing gross or intervertebral sagittal motion, except at C5-6. Both CTOs provided significantly more restriction of gross and intervertebral flexion and extension motion as compared to the two collars (p < 0.05). The Aspen 2-post CTO and 4-post CTO performed similarly in flexion, but the Aspen 4-post CTO provided significantly more restriction of extension motion (p < 0.05).