European journal of anaesthesiology
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Nitrous oxide inhalation as an adjunct to intravenous induction of general anaesthesia with propofol for day surgery.
Fifty patients were randomly allocated to receive either a preinduction inhalation with nitrous oxide (50%) in oxygen or fentanyl with preoxygenation, before induction of anaesthesia with propofol. Both groups of patients showed a significant rise in arterial oxygen saturation prior to propofol induction which established similar depths of anaesthesia, determined by the acceptability of the laryngeal mask placement. ⋯ Reduction in arterial blood pressure was also more rapid in the fentanyl group compared with the nitrous oxide group. Preinduction inhalation of nitrous oxide (50%) in oxygen appears to be an effective and acceptable method of preoxygenating the patient and augmenting the propofol induction of anaesthesia.
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Fifteen patients undergoing elective thoracic surgery were studied in order to investigate the efficacy of high frequency jet ventilation of the non-dependent lung with respect to arterial oxygenation. During the study PaO2, PaCO2, arterial pressures and heart rate were recorded during ventilation of both lungs in the lateral decubitus position during one-lung ventilation and during high frequency jet ventilation of the non-dependent lung. Mean PaO2 was 28 +/- 8.75 kPa and mean PaCO2 was 5.4 +/- 0.7 kPa during control. ⋯ With high frequency jet ventilation to the non-dependent lung, mean PaO2 increased to 25 +/- 6.75 kPa and PaCO2 decreased to 5.16 +/- 0.9 kPa respectively. Arterial pressures and heart rate remained stable during the study period. In conclusion high frequency jet ventilation of the non-dependent lung was effective in providing arterial normoxaemia and normocapnia during one-lung ventilation.