European journal of anaesthesiology
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Do we necessarily need local anaesthetics for venous cannulation? A comparison of different cannula sizes.
This randomized, prospective study was performed to evaluate the efficacy of a subcutaneous local anaesthetic infiltration prior to venepuncture using different cannula sizes. ⋯ Patients profit from a subcutaneous infiltration with mepivacaine 1% prior to intravenous cathetherization only when cannulae of size > or = 16-G are inserted.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Comparison of EMLA and lidocaine iontophoresis for cannulation analgesia.
Eutectic mixture of local anaesthetic cream and lidocaine iontophoresis are effective in providing analgesia for peripheral venous cannulation with small gauge cannulae in adults and children. The objective of this study was to compare the analgesic efficacy of the two techniques directly in patients using larger cannulae. ⋯ Although lidocaine iontophoresis is effective more quickly than the eutectic mixture of local anaesthetic cream, the superior quality of analgesia produced by the eutectic mixture in this study should be borne in mind if these treatments are used electively.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Perispinal analgesia for labour followed by patient-controlled infusion with bupivacaine and sufentanil: combined spinal-epidural vs. epidural analgesia alone.
Combined spinal-epidural is an alternative technique to epidural analgesia for labour, but its benefits are not clearly identified. ⋯ The combined spinal-epidural technique provided more effective analgesia during labour than epidural analgesia alone but offered no other advantage. It induced more adverse effects and this should be considered before routinely using the combined spinal-epidural technique.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Clonidine added to bupivacaine enhances and prolongs analgesia after brachial plexus block via a local mechanism in healthy volunteers.
The addition of clonidine to local anaesthetics enhances pain relief after peripheral nerve block, but the site of action is unproven. ⋯ The admixture of clonidine to bupivacaine plus epinephrine prolongs and enhances brachial plexus blockade. Lower clonidine plasma concentrations for block treatment strongly suggest a local effect.