European journal of anaesthesiology
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Isoflurane has been shown to mimic ischaemic preconditioning (IPC). The protective effect of IPC, or applying isoflurane or perfusion with the 'push-pull' complex zinc-desferrioxamine (Zn-DFO) in the canine heart, was investigated. ⋯ IPC protected the heart against the deleterious effects of reperfusion, possibly by amelioration of the level of oxygen-derived reactive species, and the complete inhibition of reactive hydroxyl radical production. Isoflurane did not prove to be as effective in reducing the free radical damage.
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Letter Clinical Trial
Low-dose ketamine with clonidine and midazolam for adult day care surgery.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Comparison of ephedrine and ketamine in prevention of injection pain and hypotension due to propofol induction.
This prospective, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study compares the effects of ephedrine and ketamine on injection pain, and hypotension from propofol. ⋯ Low dose ketamine or ephedrine pretreatment may prevent hypotension due to propofol induction. Despite the reduction in injection pain intensity after ketamine, the study drugs were found to be ineffective in lowering the injection pain incidence.