European journal of anaesthesiology
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The present study was designed to compare cerebral oxygenation measured with near infrared spectroscopy and local brain tissue oxygen partial pressure, respectively, in pigs during cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Since tissue overlying the brain may have an impact on near infrared spectroscopy readings, we tested whether optode placement on intact skin or on the skull yielded comparable results. ⋯ Near infrared spectroscopy readings obtained from skin and skull differed largely after vasopressor administration. Near infrared spectroscopy optode placement therefore may have an important influence on the tissue region investigated.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
Ultrasound-guided arterial cannulation in infants improves success rate.
In small children, the placement of arterial catheters can be technically challenging for even the most experienced anaesthetist. We investigated whether ultrasound imaging would improve the success rate and reduce time demand and complications of radial artery cannulation. ⋯ The current pilot study suggests that ultrasound guidance is appropriate for radial artery catheter insertion, sharing many of the benefits of ultrasound-guided central vein catheter insertion.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
Perioperative anxiety and postoperative behavioural disturbances in children: comparison between induction techniques.
This study was designed to determine if subhypnotic propofol reduces postoperative behavioural disturbances in children undergoing sevoflurane induction compared with intravenous propofol induction for elective adenoidectomy and tonsillectomy. ⋯ Addition of subhypnotic dose of propofol to sevoflurane induction did not reduce the incidence of postoperative behavioural disturbances.
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Thiopental has been reported to reduce sympathetic tone, however, it is not clear whether change in heart rate variability is associated with depth of anaesthesia. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate changes in heart rate variability at different depths of hypnosis during induction of anaesthesia with thiopental. ⋯ Induction of anaesthesia with thiopental increased heart rate and decreased high frequency, entropy and low frequency in a BIS-dependent manner, indicating that thiopental reduces cardiac parasympathetic tone depending on the depth of hypnosis.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
The effect of adding two target-controlled concentrations (1-3 ng mL -1 ) of remifentanil on MAC BAR of desflurane.
The aim of this prospective, randomized, double-blind study was to determine the effects of adding two different target-controlled concentrations of remifentanil (1 and 3 ng mL(-1)) on the desflurane requirement for blunting sympathetic responses after surgical incision (minimum anaesthetic concentration (MAC(BAR)). ⋯ A target-controlled concentration of 1 ng mL(-1) remifentanil results in a 57% decrease in the MAC(BAR) of desflurane combined with 60% nitrous oxide. Increasing the target concentration of remifentanil to 3 ng mL(-1) produces a further 26% decrease in the MAC(BAR) values of desflurane.