European journal of anaesthesiology
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Influence of polyvinyl chloride infusion extension tube on propofol injection pain: A randomised controlled study.
Propofol injection pain is a common and unsolved anaesthesia problem. ⋯ Propofol injection pain is increased by contact with PVC infusion tubing as a result of an increase in aqueous propofol concentration caused by di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate leaching into the lipid emulsion.