European journal of anaesthesiology
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Regional anaesthesic techniques are commonly used for the management of pain following lower abdominal surgery in children. The transversus abdominis plane (TAP) block has shown promise for perioperative analgesia, but data on the optimal dose regimen are limited. ⋯ As part of a multimodal analgesia strategy, ultrasound-guided TAP block with 0.2 ml kg(-1)of 0.2% levobupivacaine provides successful peroperative analgesia in 95% of children who underwent herniorrhaphy.
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Letter Observational Study
Do not know where to press? Cricoid pressure in the very young.
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Blood transfusion is frequently required in children undergoing cardiac surgery and is associated with altered postoperative outcome. This may be due to alterations in red blood cell properties related to the storage process. ⋯ Red blood cell storage duration did not influence postoperative morbidity and mortality in paediatric cardiac surgery patients transfused with one or two units of blood.
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Thoracolumbar paravertebral block (PVB) is one method of providing regional anaesthesia for abdominal wall surgery in children. It is common practice when performing a PVB for abdominal wall anaesthesia to inject a certain volume of local anaesthetic solution in the paravertebral space at several levels. This increases the duration of the procedure and makes it more invasive. ⋯ Single thoracolumbar paravertebral injection at T12-L1 level leads to caudad and cephalad spread of injectate in a dose-dependent manner. Single injection thoracolumbar paravertebral injections could be performed for lower abdomen anaesthesia in infants. We suggest that a single injection of 0.2 to 0.3 ml kg(-1) of local anaesthetic in the thoracolumbar paravertebral space could provide adequate coverage of the dermatomes of the lower abdomen.