European journal of anaesthesiology
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Randomized Controlled Trial
High flow nasal oxygen during procedural sedation for cardiac implantable electronic device procedures: A randomised controlled trial.
High flow nasal oxygen may better support the vulnerable respiratory state of patients during procedural sedation. ⋯ Ventilation, as measured by TcCO2, is highly unlikely to differ by a clinically important amount between high flow nasal oxygen at 50 l min-1 or facemask oxygen at 8 l min-1. Further research with a larger sample size would be required to determine the optimal oxygen:air ratio when using high flow nasal oxygen during cardiac implantable electronic device procedures performed with sedation.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Posteromedial quadratus lumborum block versus wound infiltration after caesarean section: A randomised, double-blind, controlled study.
Reducing pain and minimising the use of opioids after caesarean section are crucial to enhancing maternal recovery and promoting mother-newborn interaction. Various techniques have been implemented to improve analgesia. We compared the analgesic efficacy of posteromedial quadratus lumborum block with that of wound infiltration following elective caesarean section. ⋯ As a component of multimodal post-caesarean section analgesia, posteromedial quadratus lumborum block was associated with lower 24-h opioid consumption compared with wound infiltration.
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Observational Study
Hand or foot train-of-four tests and surgical site muscle relaxation assessed with multiple motor evoked potentials: A prospective observational study.
Intra-operative muscle relaxation is often required in orthopaedic surgery and the hand train-of-four (TOF) test is usually used for its quantification. However, even though full muscle relaxation is claimed by anaesthesiologists based on a TOF count of zero, surgeons observe residual muscle activity. ⋯ Hand TOF is superior to foot TOF in assessing muscle relaxation during spinal surgery. Hand TOF adequately represents the degree of muscle relaxation not only for the paraspinal muscles but also for all orthopaedic surgical sites where NMB is crucial for good surgical conditions.