European journal of anaesthesiology
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Observational Study
How can we best predict acute kidney injury following cardiac surgery?: A prospective observational study.
Several models for predicting acute kidney injury following cardiac surgery have been published, and various end-point definitions have been used. ⋯ The risk of acute kidney injury can be accurately predicted using preoperative variables. Serum creatinine concentration was more accurate than estimated glomerular filtration rate or creatinine clearance. Intraoperative variables slightly improved the model, but did not seem to outweigh the advantages of a preoperative model.
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Preoperative assessment and premedication represent important preparatory steps to ensuring a smooth and effective induction of anaesthesia. A thorough review of the child's medical history, previous anaesthetics, medications, allergies and family history is essential to design the optimal anaesthetic for the child and his/her surgery. ⋯ Preoperative anxiolysis may assume several strategies, with premedication with a pharmacologic agent very common and most successful. This review focuses on the preoperative assessment and premedication for children undergoing elective surgery.