European journal of anaesthesiology
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Randomized Controlled Trial
The effect of anaesthetic agents on induction, recovery and patient preferences in adult day case surgery: a 7-day follow-up randomized controlled trial.
To compare induction, pre- and post-discharge recovery characteristics and patient preferences between four anaesthetic regimens in adult day-surgery. ⋯ Differences in outcome between the four regimens are transient; sevoflurane is not an ideal sole agent for adult day case anaesthesia and, in this setting, patients base their preferences for future anaesthetics on the method of induction.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
Controlled hypotension in adults undergoing choroidal melanoma resection: comparison between the efficacy of nitroprusside and magnesium sulphate.
To determine whether magnesium sulphate could induce controlled hypotension, reduce choroidal blood flow, provide a 'dry' operative field and could be compared with sodium nitroprusside in the recently raised issue of the use of hypotensive anaesthesia in eye surgery, i.e. for choroidal tumour surgery as the choroid is the most fragile and vascular structure in the eye. ⋯ Magnesium sulphate controlled hypotension, reduced intraoperative pressure and provided good surgical conditions for choroidal melanoma resection with no need for additional use of a potent hypotensive agent in adults.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Postoperative pain status after intraoperative systemic dexmedetomidine and epidural neostigmine in patients undergoing lower abdominal surgery.
To determine whether intraoperative systemic dexmedetomidine improves postoperative pain and interacts with epidural neostigmine to produce analgesic effects. ⋯ The intraoperative systemic infusion of dexmedetomidine alone at doses causing sedation does not result in postoperative analgesic effects. However, the co-administration of systemic dexmedetomidine and epidural neostigmine at higher doses may be a useful method to improve postoperative pain although side-effects have to be evaluated.
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Despite its popularity, serious complications do occur with percutaneous dilatational tracheotomy in the ICU. The associated risks in daily practice are probably underestimated and may reflect system flaws in training and team function. This study was performed to obtain an impression of risk perception and safety culture in connection with percutaneous dilatational tracheotomy in Norwegian ICUs. ⋯ Based on the frequent reporting of serious complications and the suggested safety precautions, we conclude that the percutaneous dilatational tracheotomy is considered a high-risk procedure and that there is still room for improving the safety of this much used ICU procedure.
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The elderly represent a wide and increasing patient population and significant numbers of elderly patients have chronic renal disease. This study aimed to investigate the neuromuscular effects of 0.6 mg kg(-1) rocuronium under propofol anaesthesia in young adults and elderly patients with or without renal failure. ⋯ The neuromuscular effects of 0.6 mg kg(-1) rocuronium under propofol anaesthesia were markedly prolonged in young and elderly renal failure patients compared to patients with normal renal function, and also in elderly patients with normal renal function compared with young adults.