European journal of anaesthesiology
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We investigated the effects of prone position on respiratory dead space and gas exchange in 14 anaesthetized healthy patients undergoing elective posterior spinal surgery of more than 3 h of duration. ⋯ Patients undergoing surgery in prone position for a duration of 3 h under general anaesthesia including muscle relaxation and mechanical ventilation without positive end-expiratory pressure have stable haemodynamics and no significant changes in the alveolar dead space to tidal volume ratio. Oxygenation tended to improve.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Lidocaine is more efficient than the choice of propofol formulations to reduce incidence of pain on induction.
Propofol is associated with pain on injection. It is common practice to premix lidocaine with propofol prior to injection. Lipuro propofol, a propofol emulsified in medium- and long-chain triglycerides, has been shown to reduce the intensity of injection pain compared to Diprivan, although a number of studies report no reduction in overall incidence of pain. ⋯ Lidocaine added to Lipuro propofol makes induction of anaesthesia less painful compared to Lipuro propofol alone or Diprivan with lidocaine.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
Clinical comparison of remifentanil-sevoflurane vs. remifentanil-propofol for endoscopic endonasal transphenoidal surgery.
Endoscopic endonasal transphenoidal surgery has been recently proposed as a minimally invasive procedure for the treatment of pituitary adenomas. The main objective of the anaesthesiologist is to induce sufficient haemodynamic control together with rapid recovery at the end of surgery. The aim of this study was to examine recovery profile, surgical operative conditions and haemodynamic differences using remifentanil infusion with either propofol target controlled infusion system or sevoflurane. ⋯ This study demonstrates that sevoflurane-remifentanil gives a faster recovery and equivalent intraoperative status compared with propofol target controlled infusion system with remifentanil for the endoscopic endonasal transphenoidal approach.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Melatonin premedication and the induction dose of propofol.
Melatonin (N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine) is the main indolamine secreted by the pineal gland. Many studies showed that premedication with melatonin is associated with preoperative anxiolysis and sedation without impairment of cognitive and psychomotor skills and without prolonging recovery. We hypothesized that melatonin decreases the amount of propofol required to produce an adequate depth of hypnosis at induction time. ⋯ Melatonin premedication, in an oral dose of either 3 or 5 mg, reduced the required dose of propofol to achieve a BIS score of 45, reflecting a sufficient level of hypnosis for tracheal intubation without prolongation of postoperative recovery room stay.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
Levobupivacaine 0.75% vs. lidocaine 4% for topical anaesthesia: a clinical comparison in cataract surgery.
The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of topical levobupivacaine drops 0.75% vs. lidocaine drops 4% in cataract surgery. ⋯ Topical levobupivacaine 0.75% shows the same efficacy and safety as lidocaine 4% in cataract surgery by phacoemulsification. There was an adequate block with a good level of satisfaction of surgeon and patients. Levobupivacaine 0.75% offers a new and acceptable choice for topical anaesthesia in cataract surgery.