European journal of anaesthesiology
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
Comparative study of different concentrations of prilocaine and ropivacaine for intraoperative axillary brachial plexus block.
To compare the anaesthetic characteristics in terms of onset and offset times of the sensory and motor blocks of prilocaine 1% and ropivacaine 0.75% alone and in different combinations when used for brachial plexus anaesthesia in axillary perivascular blocks. ⋯ For axillary perivascular brachial plexus block prilocaine 1% alone and in combination with ropivacaine 0.75% was similar in terms of onset of sensory and motor blocks but different in duration of sensory and motor blocks without a differential sensory and motor offset.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Role of patient posture during puncture on successful unilateral spinal anaesthesia in outpatient lower abdominal surgery.
Unilateral spinal anaesthesia is a useful anaesthesia technique in lower abdominal surgery, especially in an outpatient setting. Patient posture is pivotal in the achievement of unilateral anaesthesia. Nevertheless, no studies have elucidated the influence of patient posture during the anaesthetic injection on unilaterality. Thus, the aim was to compare the effect of patient posture, during the induction phase of spinal anaesthesia, on block characteristics. ⋯ Lateral posture during the induction of spinal anaesthesia is pivotal for a higher success of unilateral block, a fast readiness to surgery, and a fast recovery. Therefore, this technique can be considered feasible and time-saving for lower abdominal surgery.
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The present study was designed to compare cerebral oxygenation measured with near infrared spectroscopy and local brain tissue oxygen partial pressure, respectively, in pigs during cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Since tissue overlying the brain may have an impact on near infrared spectroscopy readings, we tested whether optode placement on intact skin or on the skull yielded comparable results. ⋯ Near infrared spectroscopy readings obtained from skin and skull differed largely after vasopressor administration. Near infrared spectroscopy optode placement therefore may have an important influence on the tissue region investigated.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
The effect of adding two target-controlled concentrations (1-3 ng mL -1 ) of remifentanil on MAC BAR of desflurane.
The aim of this prospective, randomized, double-blind study was to determine the effects of adding two different target-controlled concentrations of remifentanil (1 and 3 ng mL(-1)) on the desflurane requirement for blunting sympathetic responses after surgical incision (minimum anaesthetic concentration (MAC(BAR)). ⋯ A target-controlled concentration of 1 ng mL(-1) remifentanil results in a 57% decrease in the MAC(BAR) of desflurane combined with 60% nitrous oxide. Increasing the target concentration of remifentanil to 3 ng mL(-1) produces a further 26% decrease in the MAC(BAR) values of desflurane.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
Efficacy and comparison of 0.5% levobupivacaine with 0.75% ropivacaine for peribulbar anaesthesia in cataract surgery.
The low cardiovascular and neurological toxicity of levobupivacaine has led to its application as a local anaesthetic in a wide variety of specialist applications including peribulbar block for cataract surgery. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of levobupivacaine 0.5% and to compare block quality vs. ropivacaine 0.75% in peribulbar anaesthesia. ⋯ Levobupivacaine (0.5%) has better anaesthetic properties with respect to 0.75% ropivacaine and is well-suited for peribulbar block in cataract surgery.