European journal of anaesthesiology
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Comparison of three modes of patient-controlled epidural analgesia during labour.
This study compares three modes of patient-controlled epidural analgesia in parturients during labour. ⋯ The three modes of patient-controlled epidural analgesia supplemented by a background infusion of 6 mL h(-1) were equally effective for labour analgesia with a trend for decreased rescue analgesia in the group with a larger bolus dose and a longer lockout interval.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Target-controlled infusion of remifentanil or fentanyl during extra-corporeal shock-wave lithotripsy.
Target-controlled infusions (TCIs) of remifentanil and fentanyl in conscious sedation regimes for extra-corporeal shock-wave lithotripsy have not been reported. We estimated the effect site concentrations of remifentanil and fentanyl needed to obtain adequate analgesia in 50% of patients (EC50) and compared both drugs in terms of intra- and post-procedure complications. ⋯ A similar EC50 but more respiratory depression, sedation and PONV were found with fentanyl TCI than with remifentanil TCI.
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Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of rocuronium in patients with and without renal failure.
This study clarifies the relationship between the neuromuscular blocking effects of rocuronium 0.6 mg kg(-1) and its pharmacokinetics in patients with renal failure. ⋯ The duration of action of a bolus dose of 0.6 mg kg(-1) rocuronium is increased significantly in patients with end-stage renal failure compared to healthy controls. This increase may be due to a decreased clearance of rocuronium, the disease process causing the renal failure and/or the medication which patients with renal failure need in their treatment.
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We have evaluated the use of the TOF-Guard (TOF, train-of-four) acceleromyographic thumb responses to ulnar nerve stimulation in neonates and infants and the return of the responses after neuromuscular blockade. ⋯ The recovery of the responses after neuromuscular blockade to near baseline values shows that acceleromyography can be used to measure neuromuscular block and recovery in neonates and infants.
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The aim of the present study was to investigate the impact of arginine vasopressin (AVP), a drug currently under investigation for use during cardiopulmonary resuscitation, on cerebral oxygenation and cerebral blood volume (CBV) in pigs with intact systemic circulation using near infrared spectroscopy. ⋯ No improvement of cerebral oxygenation was detected after AVP administration in swine with an intact systemic circulation. In contrast to recently published investigations, AVP provoked a sustained drop in indices of cerebral oxygenation and CBV.