European journal of anaesthesiology
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Clinical Trial
Effects of nicardipine and diltiazem on the bispectral index and 95% spectral edge frequency.
Previous studies have shown that L-type voltage-sensitive Ca2+ channel blocking agents increased and the L-type Ca2+ channel activator Bay K 8644 reduced the general anaesthetic potency in animals. As the bispectral index correlates with the depth of sedation, we examined whether L-type Ca2+ channel blocking agents affect the bispectral index. ⋯ Clinical doses of nicardipine and diltiazem do not alter the bispectral index during general anaesthesia.
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The treatment of critically ill patients has advanced markedly over the last decade. However, non-surgical bleeding of a diffuse nature from numerous tiny capillaries still remains a challenge. Once initiated, this type of bleeding may be troublesome and a vicious circle develops since it is not a single vessel contributing to this blood loss. ⋯ While most non-surgical bleedings can be managed using the approach described here, a number of patients still continue to bleed. In these cases, the surgeon should re-evaluate the bleeding in terms of its surgical origin. If this can positively be excluded and if all of measures described fail to reduce or stop the bleeding, further treatment of such uncontrolled bleeding remains symptomatic.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Levobupivacaine 0.25% compared with ropivacaine 0.25% by the caudal route in children.
Levobupivacaine is the most recently introduced local anaesthetic into clinical practice. In a randomized double-blinded study, the onset, intraoperative tolerance, postoperative analgesic effect, motor blockade and any adverse reactions produced by levobupivacaine were compared with ropivacaine. ⋯ We conclude that levobupivacaine 0.25% 1 mL kg(-1) provides caudal block of comparable onset and duration, as produced by the same volume and concentration of ropivacaine.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Comparison of oral dolasetron and ondansetron in the prophylaxis of postoperative nausea and vomiting in children.
In a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial, we compared the efficacy of oral dolasetron and ondansetron in preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting in children after various surgical operations. ⋯ Prophylactic oral dolasetron and ondansetron were effective in reducing postoperative nausea and vomiting in children.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Neuromuscular block and relative concentrations of mivacurium isomers under isoflurane versus propofol anaesthesia.
The augmentation of the effect of neuromuscular blocking drugs with volatile anaesthetics is well documented, but the mechanism remains unclear. The pharmacological interaction and relative plasma concentrations of mivacurium isomers were investigated during either propofol- or isoflurane-maintained anaesthesia. ⋯ For mivacurium, the phenomenon of 'potentiation' of the effect of muscle relaxants by volatile anaesthetics could be due to an increase in the plasma concentration of the potent trans-trans isomer.