European journal of anaesthesiology
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It is claimed that local anaesthetics have antimicrobial properties. Our aim was to investigate the antimicrobial effects of different concentrations of ropivacaine, bupivacaine, lidocaine and prilocaine on Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Candida albicans. ⋯ Ropivacaine had no antimicrobial effect on microorganisms tested. Bupivacaine showed poor antimicrobial effectiveness. Lidocaine and prilocaine had more powerful antimicrobial effects than the other two local anaesthetics.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Remifentanil and fentanyl during anaesthesia for major abdominal and gynaecological surgery. An open, comparative study of safety and efficacy.
and objective This open, multicentre study compared the efficacy and safety of remifentanil with fentanyl during balanced anaesthesia with 0.8% isoflurane (end-tidal concentration) for major abdominal and gynaecological surgery, and the efficacy and safety of remifentanil for pain management in the immediate postoperative period. ⋯ Anaesthesia combining isoflurane with a continuous infusion of remifentanil was significantly more effective than fentanyl at blunting responses to surgical stimuli. Significantly fewer patients responded to tracheal intubation with remifentanil at 0.4 microg kg(-1) min(-1), supporting the use of a higher initial infusion rate before intubation. Both remifentanil and fentanyl were well-tolerated, with reported adverse events typical of mu-opioid agonists.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
The laryngeal mask and VBM laryngeal tube compared during spontaneous ventilation. A pilot study.
The laryngeal tube is a variant of the oesophageal obturator airway. The manufacturer claims that it is an alternative to ventilation with a facemask, laryngeal mask or endotracheal tube. To date, published studies have only involved controlled ventilation. We wished to find out if its use in spontaneous ventilation was equivalent to using the laryngeal mask airway. ⋯ We conclude that the laryngeal tube is not a satisfactory device for management of the airway during spontaneous ventilation.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting after laparoscopic gynaecological surgery. Combined antiemetic treatment with tropisetron and metoclopramide vs. metoclopramide alone.
Female patients undergoing gynaecological procedures, especially laparoscopically, are at high risk of postoperative nausea and vomiting. No available antiemetic is entirely effective. This double-blinded randomized trial examines the efficacy and safety of tropisetron and metoclopramide in combination and compares the results with metoclopramide alone in laparoscopic gynaecological surgery. ⋯ The combination of the antiemetics was superior, which is probably explained by the fact that the two drugs have different sites of action, thus preventing emesis by blocking different pathways.
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Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Hypotension during endotoxemia in aged humans.
and objective The aim of this study was to determine possible age-associated differences in human blood pressure regulation during an immunological challenge in healthy subjects. ⋯ In conclusion, healthy elderly subjects fail to maintain a constant mean arterial pressure in response to the immunological challenge of endotoxemia.