Journal of substance abuse treatment
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J Subst Abuse Treat · Jan 2013
Sexual orientation and substance abuse treatment utilization in the United States: results from a national survey.
This study examined substance abuse treatment utilization across three dimensions of sexual orientation (identity, attraction, and behavior) in a large national sample of adults in the United States. Prevalence estimates were based on data collected from the 2004-2005 National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions. The sample consisted of 34,653 adults 20 years and older, and represented a population that was 52% women, 71% White, 12% Hispanic, 11% African American, 4% Asian, and 2% other race/ethnicities. ⋯ The majority of respondents with substance use disorders were untreated and lifetime substance abuse treatment utilization differed based on sexual orientation. Sexual minorities were found to have more extensive family histories of substance abuse problems. The findings indicate the underutilization of substance abuse treatment among all adults, and highlight some important factors to consider when working with sexual minorities.
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J Subst Abuse Treat · Dec 2012
Prescription opioid abuse, chronic pain, and primary care: a Co-occurring Disorders Clinic in the chronic disease model.
Abuse of opioids has become a public health crisis. The historic separation between the addiction and pain communities and a lack of training in medical education have made treatment difficult to provide, especially in primary care. The Co-occurring Disorders Clinic (COD) was established to treat patients with co-morbid chronic pain and addiction. ⋯ Data were collected for 143 patients who were induced with buprenorphine/naloxone (BUP/NLX) between June 2009 and November 2011. Ninety-three patients (65%) continued to be maintained on the medication and seven completed treatment and were no longer taking any opioid (5%). Pain scores showed a modest, but statistically significant improvement on BUP/NLX, which was contrary to our expectations and may be an important factor in treatment retention for this challenging population.
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J Subst Abuse Treat · Jul 2012
Factors associated with methadone treatment among injection drug users in Bangkok, Thailand.
Little is known about the characteristics of injection drug users (IDU) who take methadone treatment in Thailand. We examined prevalence and correlates of methadone treatment among a community-recruited sample of IDU in Bangkok, Thailand. ⋯ In subanalyses, 98.6% of IDU on methadone continued to inject drugs, and the most common reason for stopping methadone was becoming incarcerated (49%). Evidence-based addiction treatment in the form of methadone maintenance therapy, with attention paid to concomitant midazolam injection in this setting, should be implemented.
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J Subst Abuse Treat · Apr 2012
Randomized Controlled TrialBrief intervention for drug-abusing adolescents in a school setting: outcomes and mediating factors.
This randomized controlled trial evaluated the use of two brief intervention conditions for adolescents (aged 12-18 years) who have been identified in a school setting as abusing alcohol and other drugs. Adolescents and their parents (N = 315) were randomly assigned to receive either a two-session adolescent-only (BI-A), two-session adolescent and additional parent session (BI-AP), or assessment-only control condition (CON). Interventions were manually guided and delivered in a school setting by trained counselors. ⋯ In addition, youth receiving the BI-AP condition showed significantly better outcomes compared with the BI-A group on several variables. Problem-solving skills and use of additional counseling services mediated outcome. The value of a school-based brief intervention for students is discussed.
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J Subst Abuse Treat · Apr 2012
Barriers to implementation of evidence-based addiction treatment: a national study.
Prior studies have identified that working in an addiction treatment unit with higher levels of organizational capacity is a factor associated with positive staff attitudes about evidence-based addiction treatment practices (EBPs). The study presented here explored whether staff perceptions about the organizational capacity of their treatment unit are also associated with staff experience of barriers to implementing EBPs. ⋯ For both samples, reporting higher levels of stress in their organizations was significantly associated with reporting higher levels of barriers when implementing a new EBP. For clinical staff only, experiencing lower levels of program needs in their organization, working in a program that had been in existence for a shorter period, and implementing motivational interviewing techniques compared with other EBPs were all factors significantly associated with experiencing lower levels of barriers with EBP implementation.