Seminars in oncology nursing
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To provide a review of the pathogenesis, prevention, and management strategies of infectious and thrombotic complications of central venous access devices (CVADs). ⋯ Clinicians have a crucial role in preventing and identifying CVAD-related complications. Understanding the pathogenesis of infectious and thrombotic complications, the principles of best practice, and adhering to these practices consistently, in all practice settings, are critical in order to minimize unnecessary risks to patients with an indwelling CVAD.
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To provide an overview of the developments in promoting quality of life (QOL) at the end of life (EOL) in oncology settings, to describe implications for clinical care for cancer patients at the EOL, and to address the continuing challenges for assessing QOL at the EOL. ⋯ Oncology nurses practicing in clinical and research settings must be aware of the importance of QOL assessment for terminally ill cancer patients, be informed about the process of selecting relevant QOL measures for the EOL, and apply current knowledge to quality cancer care.
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To discuss the challenges associated with treating pain and altered sensations due to chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN). ⋯ Oncology nurses can gain a better understanding of the available pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic strategies that can prevent and reduce pain associated with chemotherapy-induced neuropathy.
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To summarize the unique characteristics of methadone and the putative mechanisms of rapid-onset opioid formulations for breakthrough pain; to outline the principles underlying opioid rotation; and to describe elements of risk assessment in opioid therapy. ⋯ Oncology nurses can better address challenging clinical scenarios associated with opioid therapy.
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To review the role of inter-individual differences in responses to pain and analgesics and to describe how these differences impact the effectiveness of therapies for patients who have cancer pain. ⋯ Oncology nurses will be better able to individualize their therapeutic strategies for patients in pain.