Seminars in ultrasound, CT, and MR
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The anatomy of the cranial dura and leptomeninges is both intricate and complex. A thorough discussion of the protective covering of the brain including the dura, arachnoid, and pia is provided on both gross and microscopic levels. An attempt to include issues of clinical relevance is made, highlighting the Virchow-Robin spaces and the optic sheath. In addition, the normal appearance of the dura and leptomeninges on MRI is presented to establish a framework for the discussion of leptomeningeal pathology.
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Semin. Ultrasound CT MR · Oct 1994
ReviewMRI of selected sports injuries: muscle tears, groin pain, and osteochondritis dissecans.
This article discusses three selected areas of sports medicine in which MRI is useful. The first is muscle injuries and includes the MRI findings in muscle tears, contusions, and myositis ossificans. ⋯ The final section covers plain radiographic and MRI findings in osteochondritis dissecans. Also discussed is the MRI staging of osteochondritis dissecans, which is important in treatment decisions and surgical planning.
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MRI with intravenous contrast has recently become the imaging modality of choice in the evaluation of patients developing recurrent back pain or symptoms following laminectomy and/or discectomy. The normal postoperative appearance is important to recognize because a number of changes occur normally throughout the healing period. ⋯ Disc space infection, although uncommon, is a critical diagnosis, but can be confused with degenerative end plate changes. Arachnoiditis and spinal stenosis also show characteristic imaging findings.
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Infective spondylitis, the combined infection of the osseous vertebral structures and disc space, constitutes 2% to 4% of all cases of osteomyelitis, and is increasing in prevalence. Differences in clinical and imaging presentation between children and adults are explained by developmental anatomic differences. ⋯ However, MRI is emerging as the most sensitive and specific modality for early detection of pyogenic and nonpyogenic infections and their complications, as well as in follow-up evaluation. Degenerative disc disease, seronegative spondyloarthropathies, and spondyloarthropathy associated with long-term hemodialysis may mimic the imaging abnormalities of infective spondylitis.
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Semin. Ultrasound CT MR · Jun 1993
Normal imaging anatomy of the suprasellar cistern and floor of the third ventricle.
This article discusses the gross, functional, and imaging anatomy of the suprasellar cistern and its contents as well as the structures that form its borders, among the most important being the floor of the third ventricle and associated structures. Specific structures discussed include the optic chiasm and optic tracts, the anterior third ventricle, the tuber cinereum, the pituitary stalk (infundibulum), the choroidal fissure, the lamina terminalis, the gyrus rectus, the uncus, and the cerebral peduncles.