Annals of Saudi medicine
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The term abdominal compartment syndrome (ACS) describes the clinical manifestations of the pathologic elevation of the intra-abdominal pressure (IAP). When the IAP exceeds 12 mm Hg it is referred to as intra-abdominal hypertension (IAH) while ACS generally sets in at an IAP in excess of 20 mm Hg. This syndrome is most commonly observed in the setting of severe abdominal trauma and in the aftermath of major abdominal operations. ⋯ To this end a high index of suspicion is sine qua non. The management of established ACS requires clinical astuteness and decisiveness with a readily available and generous team support. The purpose of this review is to enhance awareness among clinicians about a subtle condition with a devastating impact on morbidity and mortality if undiagnosed.