Anaesthesia and intensive care
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Anaesth Intensive Care · Jul 2013
Does left ventricular tissue Doppler peak systolic velocity (Sm) reflect cardiac output in the critically ill?
Cardiac output (CO) is dependent on a number of factors, in particular, the systolic function of the heart. Tissue Doppler (TD) is a modality in echocardiography that measures myocardial velocity and is related to contractility. TD can therefore be used to measure the systolic function of the heart. ⋯ Sm was weakly correlated to heart rate only in the normal group but not in the combined cohort. Our data confirms a weak to moderate correlation between Sm and CO, probably resulting from a positive correlation of Sm and stroke volume. This correlation is not strong enough to support the use of an individual's Sm to estimate CO in intensive care patients.
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The laryngeal plug is a little-known device developed by Arthur E. Guedel in the 1930s. The device was an alternative to the inflatable cuff used on tracheal tubes. Guedel did not publish a description of the laryngeal plug and the most detailed description of it was published by Gilbert Troup, an Australian anaesthetist.
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Anaesth Intensive Care · Jul 2013
Critical airway obstruction by mediastinal masses in the intensive care unit.
Critical airway obstruction is a dreaded complication of a mediastinal mass. The acute management is difficult and catastrophic outcomes have been reported. A total of 19 patients, aged between 13 and 69 years, who had critical major airway obstruction due to mediastinal mass requiring mechanical ventilation were reviewed. ⋯ Patients who had benign pathologies and lymphoma (n=6, 32%) were still alive after a mean follow-up period of six years (range 3 to 10) and those with metastatic disease died after a mean survival period of 3.3 months (range 1 to 9). In summary, critical major airway obstruction is caused by a heterogeneous group of mediastinal pathologies, and the definitive treatment and long-term prognosis of these patients are highly dependent on the underlying aetiology. Combining various therapeutic modalities can lead to successful separation of these patients from mechanical ventilation within a short period of time.
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Anaesth Intensive Care · Jul 2013
Historical ArticleThe role of Dr Isaac Aaron and the Australian Medical Journal in the dissemination of information about etherisation in the 1840s.
Isaac Aaron (1804 to 1877), an ambitious young medical practitioner, arrived in Sydney from Britain in 1838 and was registered by the New South Wales Medical Board the following year. After contributing to the Australian Medical Journal, established in August 1846 by William Baker, he became the editor in December and acquired it in May the following year. Dr Pugh became the most prolific local contributor to the journal but he and the editor had a somewhat 'prickly' relationship. ⋯ Aaron repeatedly appealed for experimental evidence and rational decision-making to determine the place of etherisation in medical practice. Unfortunately for Australian medicine, Aaron had to suspend the publication of the journal in October 1847, lacking both time and the support of the profession necessary to maintain it. This created an unanticipated adverse outcome for Dr Pugh.