Anaesthesia and intensive care
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Anaesth Intensive Care · Jul 2014
Historical ArticleANZAC doctors at Gallipoli and their contributions to anaesthesia in Australia.
This year marks the centenary of the start of World War I and with the coming centenary of the involvement of the Australian and New Zealand Army Corps in the Gallipoli campaign. We look at the careers of four doctors who served at Gallipoli and their various contributions to anaesthesia. Drs Eric W. ⋯ Fiaschi and Bernard T. Zwar all served as part of the Australian Army Medical Corps. All survived the war.
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Eugène-Louis Doyen published illustrations of two pharyngeal tubes in his five-volume surgical textbook, Traité de Thérapeutique Chirurgicale et de Technique Opératoire. The first volume of Doyen's textbook was published in 1908 and it contains the earliest known illustration of one of Doyen's pharyngeal tubes. ⋯ No information on the development of the Hewitt airway or Doyen's pharyngeal tubes was found. Doyen's pharyngeal tubes were functionally similar to modern supraglottic airways.
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Anaesth Intensive Care · Jul 2014
Historical ArticleThe historical significance of anaesthesia events at Pearl Harbor.
Up to the end of World War II, less than 10% of the general anaesthetics administered was with intravenous barbiturates. The remaining 90% of anaesthetics given in the USA were with diethyl ether. In the United Kingdom and elsewhere, chloroform was also popular. ⋯ This paper presents the significance of the anaesthesia tragedies at Pearl Harbor, and the discovery in the next few years of many other superior drugs that caused medical and other health professionals to realise that anaesthesia needed to be a specialist medical discipline in its own right. Specialist recognition, aided by the foundation of the National Health Service in the UK, the establishment of Faculties of Anaesthesia and appropriate training in pharmacology, physiology and other sciences soon followed. Modern anaesthesiology, as we understand it today, was born and a century or more of ether anaesthesia finally ceased.