The Clinical journal of pain
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Multicenter Study
Risk factors associated with opioid medication misuse in community-dwelling older adults with chronic pain.
The aim of the study was to identify physical, psychological, and social risk factors associated with opioid medication misuse among community-dwelling older adults with chronic pain. ⋯ High pain intensity scores may indicate undertreatment of pain or may represent a rationalization to justify opioid medication use. Higher levels of depressive symptoms have been noted in the chronic pain population and may contribute to misuse of opioid medications for psychic effects. Less physically disabled persons are more likely to misuse opioid medications or older person receiving multiple medications may wish to avoid potential adverse drug effects. While there was an association between lower levels of disability and higher risk for opioid medication misuse, a causal relationship could not be determined.
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Obesity is associated with functional disability in adults with chronic pain, but less is known about obesity among youth with chronic pain. The purpose of this study was to (1) identify the prevalence of overweight and obesity in children and adolescents receiving treatment for chronic pain, and (2) examine associations between Body Mass Index (BMI), pain intensity, and activity limitations in this population. ⋯ BMI percentile and weight status may contribute to activity limitations among children and adolescents with chronic pain. Weight status is an important factor to consider in the context of treatment of chronic pain and disability in children and adolescents.
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(1) To investigate the development of hypoesthesia from soon after the whiplash injury to 6 months postinjury and (2) to determine differences in detection thresholds between those with initial features of poor recovery and those without these signs. ⋯ Sensory hypoesthesia is a feature of acute WAD but persists only in those at higher risk of poor recovery. These findings suggest the involvement of the central inhibitory mechanisms that may be sustained by ongoing nociception.