The Clinical journal of pain
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Objectives:Despite efforts to improve acute postoperative pain management, a substantial number of patients still experience moderate to severe pain during the immediate postoperative days. The purpose of the present study was to identify predictors of moderate to severe acute postoperative pain. ⋯ Discussion: Several predictive factors of postoperative pain were identified in this study. These factors could be taken into account in postoperative pain management.
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To investigate the changes in surface and intramuscular electromyographic (EMG) activity at latent trigger points (TrPs) in the extensor carpi radialis brevis muscle after injection of either glutamate or isotonic saline into latent TrPs in the infraspinatus muscle. ⋯ Our results show that an increased nociceptive activity at latent TrPs in the infraspinatus muscle may increase motor activity and sensitivity of a TrP in distant muscles at a same segmental level.
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Medication nonadherence is a frequent problem in chronic conditions. In chronic noncancer pain, medication is often used as an important cornerstone of the treatment. Studies on medication nonadherence in this population, however, are scarce. ⋯ We can conclude that medication nonadherence, especially underuse of medication, occurs frequently among patients with chronic nonmalignant pain. Prospective research is needed to learn about the impact of medication overuse or underuse on clinical outcomes. Future research should examine underuse and overuse as different types of nonadherence as different factors might predict this behavior.