The Clinical journal of pain
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Intravenous regional ketorolac and lidocaine in the treatment of complex regional pain syndrome of the lower extremity: a randomized, double-blinded, crossover study.
Intravenous regional blocks (IVRBs) with ketorolac and lidocaine have been reported to be useful in the treatment of complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS). This is the first controlled prospective study of IVRB with lidocaine and ketorolac for treatment of pain and edema in CRPS of the lower extremity in adults. ⋯ IVRB with ketorolac and lidocaine produced only short-term pain reduction in patients with CRPS involving the lower extremity after 4 serial injections in our study group. Prospective study is warranted, particularly in the pediatric population.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
The effect of auricular acupuncture on fentanyl requirement during hip arthroplasty: a randomized controlled trial.
Although auricular acupuncture (AA) is suggested to be effective in treatment of pain, it has not yet been used for intraoperative analgesia. Therefore, we studied whether the AA reduces intraoperative analgesic requirement during total hip arthroplasty (THA). ⋯ Regarding the modest clinical effect, AA should be further investigated for its clinical usefulness for complementary analgesia during the surgery.
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Although the economic costs of substance misuse have been extensively examined in the published literature, information on the costs of nonmedical use of prescription opioids is much more limited, despite being a significant and rapidly growing problem in the United States. ⋯ The economic cost of nonmedical use of prescription opioids in the United States totals more than $50 billion annually; lost productivity and crime account for the vast majority (94%) of these costs.