The Clinical journal of pain
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The present study assessed somatosensory changes related to trigeminal nerve damage using extensive evaluation tools and assessed the effect of such damage on the patients' psychosocial status and quality of life compared with healthy participants. ⋯ The results from the present study showed presence of varied somatosensory abnormalities when assessed using psychophysical and electrophysiological investigations and a significantly impaired psychosocial status.
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Triage nurse-initiated analgesia (TNIA) has been shown to be associated with decreased time to the provision of analgesia and improved patient satisfaction. We examined variables that influence the provision of analgesia in a pediatric emergency department that uses TNIA. ⋯ TNIA yielded a short time to analgesia, but rates of any analgesia and opioid analgesia were low. Several variables associated with the provision of any analgesia and opioid analgesia were identified. Our findings provide evidence to guide future educational programs in this area.
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Meta Analysis
Efficacy and Safety of Tapentadol Immediate Release for Acute Pain: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
Tapentadol (TAP) immediate release (IR) is a newer opioid option for acute pain. The aim of this systematic review was to examine the efficacy and safety of TAP IR compared with other opioids for acute pain. ⋯ TAP IR is as effective as other opioids at higher doses for acute pain and is associated with fewer gastrointestinal adverse effects. On the basis of these findings, TAP IR can be considered as a first-line opioid for acute pain.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Investigating the Effect of Perioperative Chlorzoxazone On Acute Postoperative Pain After Total Hip and Knee Replacement Surgery.
Severe preoperative and acute postoperative pain have been associated with the development of chronic postoperative pain. Chlorzoxazone (a muscle relaxant) has been suggested to enhance acute postoperative pain recovery, but the lack of larger randomized controlled trials has, however, questioned the continued use. Despite this, chlorzoxazone is still used for acute postoperative pain management following total knee replacement (TKR) or total hip replacement (THR). The current randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled, parallel-group, clinical trial aimed to assess the effect of chlorzoxazone for postoperative pain management following TKR or THR. ⋯ The current study demonstrated no analgesic effects of postoperative chlorzoxazone administration compared with placebo on acute or chronic postoperative pain 12 months following TKR and THR.
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Opioid-induced hyperalgesia (OIH) is a phenomenon whereby opioids increase patients' pain sensitivity, complicating their use in analgesia. We explored practitioners' attitudes towards, and knowledge concerning diagnosis, risk factors, and treatment of OIH. ⋯ Most clinicians agreed that OIH is a complication of opioid therapy, but were divided regarding the prevalence of OIH, etiological factors, and optimal management.