Pediatric emergency care
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Pediatric emergency care · Nov 2019
A Review of Nonfatal Drowning in the Pediatric-Age Group: A 10-Year Experience at a University Hospital in Saudi Arabia.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the nonfatal drowning experience, risk factors, intrahospital assessment and postincidental outcomes for children admitted to King Fahd Hospital of the University, AlKhobar, Saudi Arabia, over a 10-year period. ⋯ The findings of this study were in line with results of most of the international and local studies on the subject. Significant defects have been concluded in prehospital medical care and cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Adequate swimming safety regulations, assignments of lifeguards, and parental education should be taken into consideration by media and involved authorities.
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Pediatric emergency care · Nov 2019
Multicenter StudyMethodology and Demographics of a Brief Adolescent Alcohol Screen Validation Study.
The aim of this study was to determine the psychometric properties of the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA) 2-question alcohol screen within 16 Pediatric Emergency Care Applied Research Network pediatric emergency departments. This article describes the study methodology, sample characteristics, and baseline outcomes of the NIAAA 2-question screen. ⋯ This study successfully recruited a large, demographically diverse sample to establish rates of the NIAAA screen risk categories across age, sex, ethnicity, and race within pediatric emergency departments.
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Pediatric emergency care · Nov 2019
Review Case ReportsAcute Gastric Volvulus Successfully Treated by Endoscopic Reduction in a 6-Year-Old Girl and a Review of the Japanese Literature.
A previously healthy 6-year-old girl suddenly developed severe abdominal pain and nausea. She was diagnosed with acute gastric volvulus, and a nasogastric tube was inserted to decompress the stomach. The volvulus did not reduce spontaneously; therefore, we performed endoscopic reduction on day 3 and were able to treat her successfully. ⋯ Fifteen cases have been reported since 1994. There are no reports of perforation during the procedure. Patients whose general condition is stable and who have no severe anatomic anomalies are good candidates for endoscopic reduction.
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The change in legal status of cannabis (the botanical species Cannabis sativa, commonly known as marijuana) in the United States has had significant impact on pediatric drug exposures. In states with decriminalization of recreational and medicinal use of cannabis, emergency department visits and poison control center calls for unintentional pediatric cannabis intoxication are on the rise in the last few decades. Exploratory or unintentional ingestions of cannabis-containing products (as opposed to those derived from synthetic cannabinoids, which may mimic the structure and/or function of cannabis, but are not the focus of this article) can lead to significant pediatric toxicity, including encephalopathy, coma, and respiratory depression. With the increasing magnitude of the public health implications of widespread cannabis use, clinicians who care for pediatric patients routinely must be adept in the recognition, evaluation, management, and counseling of unintentional cannabis exposure.
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Pediatric emergency care · Nov 2019
Comparative StudyBuccal Midazolam Compared With Rectal Diazepam Reduces Seizure Duration in Children in the Outpatient Setting.
Seizures are very common in children. They frequently happen in outpatient settings, in the presence of caregivers who are not always trained in their management. First-line rescue therapy is based on benzodiazepine, historically diazepam. Recent studies have investigated the use of other benzodiazepines in the treatment of acute seizures. ⋯ Based on our results, buccal midazolam seems to have some advantages compared with rectal diazepam in terms of feasibility in an outpatient setting and in terms of reduced seizure duration.