Pediatric neurology
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Pediatric neurology · Jul 2014
Development, reliability, and validity of the Alberta Perinatal Stroke Project Parental Outcome Measure.
Perinatal stroke is a leading cause of cerebral palsy and lifelong disability, although parent and family outcomes have not yet been studied in this specific population. The Alberta Perinatal Stroke Project Parental Outcome Measure was developed as a 26-item questionnaire on the impact of perinatal stroke on parents and families. ⋯ The Parental Outcome Measure contributes to the literature as the first brief measure of family impact designed for parents of children with perinatal stroke.
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Pediatric neurology · Jul 2014
Multicenter StudyTherapeutic hypothermia in neonates and selective hippocampal injury on diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging.
Hippocampal injury is most often observed in conjunction with basal ganglia injury after hypoxia-ischemia in term newborns. Objective was to determine perinatal characteristics leading to selective hippocampal injury vs basal ganglia injury on diffusion-weighted imaging in term encephalopathic infants following intrapartum hypoxia-ischemia treated with selective head cooling and to correlate specific injury to subsequent neurodevelopmental outcome. ⋯ Infants with hippocampal injury on diffusion-weighted imaging recovered from an intrapartum asphyxial insult more rapidly as reflected by an earlier correction of acid-base status, were less likely to need cardiopulmonary resuscitation, and were less severely encephalopathic. These findings highlight the exquisite vulnerability of the hippocampus to acute hypoxia unaffected by selective head cooling, whereas the normal appearance of the basal ganglia in these infants suggests a neuroprotective effect of cooling.
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Pediatric neurology · Jul 2014
Midazolam fails to prevent neurological damage in children with convulsive refractory febrile status epilepticus.
We conducted a retrospective study to compare the outcome of intravenous midazolam infusion without electroencephalography or targeted temperature management and barbiturate coma therapy with electroencephalography and targeted temperature management for treating convulsive refractory febrile status epilepticus. ⋯ Although the sample size was small and our study could not determine which protocol element is essential for the neurological outcome, the findings suggest that clinical seizure control using midazolam without continuous electroencephalography monitoring or targeted temperature management is insufficient in preventing neurological damage in children with convulsive refractory febrile status epilepticus.
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Pediatric neurology · Jul 2014
Case ReportsThiamine deficiency secondary to anorexia nervosa: an uncommon cause of peripheral neuropathy and Wernicke encephalopathy in adolescence.
We present a developmentally appropriate adolescent boy who presented with upper and lower extremity glove-and-stocking paresthesias, distal weakness, vertigo, high-pitched voice, inattention, ataxia, and binocular diplopia after a voluntary 59-kg weight loss over 5 months. ⋯ This patient illustrates that eating disorders can be an uncommon cause of rapidly progressive paresthesias, weakness, and neurological decline due to thiamine deficiency.
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Pediatric neurology · Jul 2014
Seizures associated with synthetic cathinone exposures in the pediatric population.
Synthetic cathinones or "bath salts" are an increasing problem in the United States. Their adverse effects are related to sympathomimetic toxicity and seizures have been listed among the side effects. This study details the seizures that occur after synthetic cathinone exposure in the pediatric population. ⋯ Seizures complicated 5.5% of synthetic cathinone exposures in the pediatric population. Fever and acidosis were associated with seizure activity. The presence of fever after a synthetic cathinone exposure may warrant more aggressive monitoring and treatment.