Pediatric neurology
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Pediatric neurology · Oct 2005
Low-birth-weight adolescents: psychiatric symptoms and cerebral MRI abnormalities.
To explore associations between psychiatric symptoms and cerebral magnetic resonance imaging abnormalities in low-birth-weight adolescents, 55 very low-birth-weight (
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Pediatric neurology · Aug 2005
Case ReportsIdiopathic unilateral paralysis of the palate in childhood.
Idiopathic soft palate paralysis is an isolated clinical entity of unknown cause. Typical clinical features are sudden onset, rhinolalia, and nasal escape of fluids from the ipsilateral nostril. The disorder affects mainly male children at the ages of 2 to 3 years and resolves spontaneously. This report presents a 5-year-old female with the rare disorder and discusses its probable physiopathologic mechanisms.
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Pediatric neurology · Aug 2005
Epilepsy and intrathecal baclofen therapy in children with cerebral palsy.
The objective of this study was to analyze the relationship between epilepsy and intrathecal baclofen by investigating a consecutive sample of 150 children with cerebral palsy or spasticity of cerebral origin who underwent intrathecal baclofen. The medical charts of the 150 children were retrospectively reviewed. ⋯ Forty percent of the 150 children had epilepsy before intrathecal baclofen pump implantation; 13.3% had a decrease in seizure frequency after intrathecal baclofen, while two children worsened and one child had seizures ex novo. We conclude that in children with spasticity of cerebral origin, intrathecal baclofen does not seem to aggravate or induce seizure activity.
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Pediatric neurology · Apr 2005
Case ReportsArterial spasm following perimesencephalic nonaneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage in a pediatric patient.
Perimesencephalic nonaneurysmal hemorrhage is a benign form of subarachnoid hemorrhages. This entity is well recognized as a distinct type of subarachnoid hemorrhage in adults. However, perimesencephalic nonaneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage in pediatric patients is not well recognized. ⋯ Cerebral carotid angiography performed on the tenth day of the posthemorrhagic period revealed severe vasospasm affecting the basilar artery. The patient, treated symptomatically, was discharged after improvement. One year later, magnetic resonance angiography revealed completely normal features.
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Since infant botulism was first identified three decades ago, our understanding of botulinum toxins and the organisms that produce them has grown. A newer classification system now recognizes Clostridium baratii and Clostridium butyricum along with Clostridium botulinum as causative agents. ⋯ Perhaps most significantly for pediatricians and child neurologists, a specific treatment for infant botulism has just been approved. This article reviews the clinical presentation, diagnosis, and treatment of infant botulism, including human botulism immune globulin, and discusses the various organisms and toxins that cause this disease.