International journal of oral and maxillofacial surgery
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Noma, also known as cancrum oris, is an infectious disease that results in a loss of orofacial tissue, due to gangrene of soft and bony tissue. It is especially seen in young children in the sub-Saharan region. Among the sequelae of patients who survive noma, trismus is one of the most disabling. ⋯ The mean mouth opening in this group was 10.3mm (95% CI: 7.0; 13.6mm) and the mean period after discharge from hospital was 43 months. Better mouth opening was observed in patients who continued physiotherapy after discharge, were older, and those with a 'soft' (vs. 'hard') inner and outer cheek on palpation. The result of trismus release in noma patients in the long term was extremely poor in this study.
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Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg · Sep 2010
Comparative StudyPrefabricated nerve conduits advance histomorphological and functional outcomes in nerve regeneration of the sciatic nerve of the rat.
Bridging a nerve defect is sometimes necessary to achieve nerve regeneration after injury. Different methods and conduit designs have been considered, but only isograft transplants or prefabricated conduits are available. This study presents a comparison of prefabricated conduits and isograft transplants in rats, with the aim of making suggestions for clinical settings. ⋯ Reconstruction in the isograft group showed a negative impact on the non-operated side. Conduits and isografts did not reach the morphological or functional levels of untreated or sham-operated animals. The results suggest preferential conduits should be used for nerve reconstruction.
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Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg · Aug 2010
Occurrence and types of dental injuries among patients with maxillofacial fractures.
The aim of this retrospective study was to clarify the occurrence and types of dental injuries in 389 patients who had been diagnosed with facial fractures, and to analyze whether the occurrence of dental injury correlates to gender, age, trauma mechanism and type of facial fracture. Dental injuries were observed in 62 patients (16%). The most common type of injury was a crown fracture (48%). ⋯ The occurrence of dental injury correlated significantly with trauma mechanism and fracture type: motor vehicle accidents and mandibular fracture were significant predictors for dental trauma. The notable rate of dental injury observed in the present study emphasizes the importance of a thorough examination of the oral cavity in all patients who have sustained facial fracture. Referral to a dental practice for further treatment and follow up as soon as possible after discharge from hospital is fundamental.
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Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg · Aug 2010
Comment Letter Historical ArticleAtraumatic placement of circummandibular wires: a technical note.
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Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg · Aug 2010
Randomized Controlled TrialBilateral sagittal split osteotomies versus mandibular distraction osteogenesis: a prospective clinical trial comparing inferior alveolar nerve function and complications.
The aim of this study was to conduct a prospective clinical trial comparing the neurosensory function of the inferior alveolar nerve (IAN) after mandibular advancement surgery with either bilateral sagittal split osteotomies (BSSO) or mandibular distraction ostoegenesis (MDO). 23 Class II mandibular hypoplasia patients requiring mandibular advancement were randomized into two groups for either BSSO or MDO. Subjective and objective neurosensory evaluations were performed preoperatively and at the following postoperative times: 2 weeks (TBD1), 6 weeks (TBD2), 12 weeks (TBD3), 6 months (TBD4) and 12 months (TBD5). Subjective evaluation included the use of a visual analogue scale (VAS). ⋯ Intra-operative or postoperative complications were recorded. Using a mixed model, no significant differences were reported in subjective VAS scores and objective LT, 2PD and PD scores between the BSSO and MDO groups over 12 months (p>0.05). Common postoperative complications included localized wound infection (BSSO=2, MDO=6) and condylar resorption (BSSO=1, MDO=1).