Journal of general internal medicine
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Review Comparative Study
Body piercing medical concerns with cutting-edge fashion.
To review the current information on medical complications, psychological implications, and legislative issues related to body piercing, a largely unregulated industry in the United States. ⋯ In this manuscript, we review the available body piercing literature. We conclude that body piercing is an increasingly common practice in the United States, that this practice carries substantial risk of morbidity, and that most body piercing in the United States is being performed by unlicensed, unregulated individuals. Primary care physicians are seeing growing numbers of patients with body pierces. Practitioners must be able to recognize, treat, and counsel patients on body piercing complications and be alert to associated psychological conditions in patients who undergo body piercing.
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To examine the influence of utilization review and denial of specialty referrals on patient satisfaction with overall medical care, willingness to recommend one's physician group to a friend, and desire to disenroll from the health plan. ⋯ Policies that limited direct access to specialists, and especially denial of patient-desired referrals, were associated with significantly lower patient satisfaction, increased desire to disenroll, and lower likelihood of recommending the group to a friend. Health plans and physician groups need to take these factors into account when designing strategies to reduce specialty care use.
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To determine the relative importance of medical and nonmedical factors influencing generalists' decisions to refer, and of the factors that might avert unnecessary referrals. ⋯ Generalists made most referrals for a combination of medical and nonmedical reasons, and many referrals were considered avoidable. Increasing procedural training for generalists and enhancing informal channels of communication between generalists and subspecialists might result in more appropriate referrals at lower cost.
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This study was designed to identify factors that influence primary care physicians' willingness to perform flexible sigmoidoscopy. ⋯ Approximately half of these primary care physicians trained in flexible sigmoidoscopy chose not to perform this procedure in practice. Self-perceived inefficiency in performing office-based flexible sigmoidoscopy deterred many of these physicians from providing this service for their patients.