The Laryngoscope
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Review Comparative Study
Effectiveness of subcutaneous immunotherapy for allergic rhinoconjunctivitis and asthma: a systematic review.
To systematically review the effectiveness and safety of subcutaneous immunotherapy (SCIT) for treatment of allergic rhinoconjunctivitis and asthma, using formulations currently approved in the United States. ⋯ Generally moderate to strong evidence supports the effectiveness of SCIT for treatment of allergic rhinitis and asthma, particularly with single-allergen immunotherapy regimens. Adverse reactions to SCIT are common, but no deaths were reported in the included studies.
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Observational Study
Drug-induced sleep endoscopy in sleep-disordered breathing: report on 1,249 cases.
To describe upper airway (UA) collapse patterns during drug-induced sleep endoscopy (DISE) in a large cohort of patients with sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) and to assess associations with anthropometric and polysomnographic parameters. ⋯ The current study provides an overview of UA collapse patterns in a large cohort of SDB patients who underwent DISE. The associations found in this study may indicate that UA collapse patterns observed during DISE cannot be fully explained by selected baseline polysomnographic and anthropometric characteristics.
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Comparative Study
Anatomical and computed tomographic analysis of the transcochlear and endoscopic transclival approaches to the petroclival region.
Advances in the field of skull base surgery aim to maximize anatomical exposure while minimizing patient morbidity. The petroclival region of the skull base presents numerous challenges for surgical access due to the complex anatomy. The transcochlear approach to the region provides adequate access; however, the resection involved sacrifices hearing and results in at least a grade 3 facial palsy. An endoscopic endonasal approach could potentially avoid negative patient outcomes while providing a desirable surgical window in a select patient population. ⋯ Endoscopic access to the petroclival region is a feasible approach. It potentially avoids hearing loss, facial nerve manipulation, and cosmetic damage.
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Comparative Study
Pediatric temporal bone fractures: current trends and comparison of classification schemes.
1) Characterize the current presentation of pediatric temporal bone fractures, 2) compare two classification schemes for temporal bone fractures and illustrate complications in each fracture type. ⋯ In this pediatric series, approximately 75% of the fractures are longitudinal and 25% are transverse. The otic capsule is spared in 90% and violated in 10%. Both OCS/OCV and L/T classification schemes predict SNHL, but the OCV/OCS scheme is more accurate in this prediction. Although the negative predictive value of the two schemes is similar, the positive predictive value is higher with the OCS/OCV system. The presence of conductive hearing loss and facial nerve symptoms was not predicted by either classification system.