Journal of gastroenterology and hepatology
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J. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. · Aug 2016
Red pitaya betacyanins protects from diet-induced obesity, liver steatosis and insulin resistance in association with modulation of gut microbiota in mice.
Growing evidence indicates that gut microbiota contributes to obesity and its related metabolic disorders. Betacyanins possess free radical scavenging and antioxidant activities, suggesting its potential beneficial effects on metabolic diseases. The present study aimed to investigate the metabolic effect of red pitaya (Hylocereus polyrhizus) fruit betacyanins (HPBN) on high-fat diet-fed mice and determine whether the beneficial effects of HPBN are associated with the modulation of gut microbiota. ⋯ Red pitaya betacyanins protect from diet-induced obesity and its related metabolic disorders, which is associated with improved inflammatory status and modulation of gut microbiota, especially its ability to decrease the ratio of Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes and increase the relative abundance of Akkermansia. The study suggested a clinical implication of HPBN in the management of obesity, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, and type 2 diabetes.
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J. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. · Jul 2016
Meta AnalysisMyeloid-derived suppressor cells in gastrointestinal cancers: A systematic review.
Gastrointestinal (GI) cancers are a heterogeneous group of cancers originating from the digestive system. Considering key roles of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) in the immunosuppression network, levels of MDSCs in patients with cancer are assumed to be of prognostic and predictive value. In this systematic review, we aimed to evaluate the clinical relevancy of MDSCs and their relationship with clinical features and prognosis of GI malignancies in patients with GI cancers. ⋯ In conclusion, results of this systematic review based on the available literature suggest that MDSC levels are of clinical relevancy and prognostic and predictive value.
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J. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. · Jul 2016
Endoscopic prediction of recurrence in patients with early gastric cancer after margin-negative endoscopic resection.
Although follow-up endoscopy is routinely performed after endoscopic resection (ER) for early gastric cancer (EGC), it remains unclear whether resection scar biopsies should also be taken. This study sought to predict local recurrence at the ER scar on the basis of endoscopic criteria after margin-negative EGC resection and to determine the necessity of taking scar biopsies. ⋯ Routine follow-up biopsies may be unnecessary when follow-up endoscopy reveals flat mucosa without hyperemic changes at the scar, especially for en-bloc resected and differentiated EGCs.
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J. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. · Jul 2016
Integration of albumin-bilirubin (ALBI) score into Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) system for hepatocellular carcinoma.
The albumin-bilirubin (ALBI) grade is a recently reported, simpler, more objective, and evidence-based alternative to the Child-Pugh (CP) score for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We aimed to study whether ALBI grade could substitute for CP score in Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) for HCC. ⋯ The overall prognostic performance of ALBI-based and CP-based BCLC systems was similar. It also potentially allows more precise patient selection for clinical trials on systemic agents.
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J. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. · Jul 2016
Three-year efficacy and safety of tenofovir in nucleos(t)ide analog-naïve and nucleos(t)ide analog-experienced chronic hepatitis B patients.
This study compared the efficacy and safety of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) up to 3 years of innucleos(t)ide analog (NA)-naïve and NA-experienced chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients. ⋯ Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate is effective and safe for NA-naïve and NA-experienced CHB patients and should be used cautiously in patients with comorbidities because of a renal dysfunction risk.