Current medical research and opinion
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The Osmotic controlled-Release Oral delivery System (OROS) hydromorphone ensures continuous release of hydromorphone over 24 hours. It is anticipated that this will facilitate optimal pain relief, improve quality of sleep and compliance. This simulation compared managing chronic osteoarthritis pain with once-daily OROS hydromorphone with an equianalgesic dose of extended-release (ER) oxycodone administered two or three times a day. ⋯ Based on these analyses, OROS hydromorphone is expected to yield health benefits at reasonable cost in Germany.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Cost-effectiveness analysis of pregabalin versus gabapentin in the management of neuropathic pain due to diabetic polyneuropathy or post-herpetic neuralgia.
To estimate the cost-effectiveness of branded pregabalin (PGB) versus generic gabapentin (GBP) in patients with neuropathic pain (NeP) due to painful diabetic polyneuropathy (DPN) or post-herpetic neuralgia (PHN) in Spain. ⋯ According with data used in this modeling in patients with NeP due to DPN and/or PHN, PGB was shown to be more cost-effective than generic gabapentin in Spain.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Efficacy of prolonged release melatonin in insomnia patients aged 55-80 years: quality of sleep and next-day alertness outcomes.
Melatonin, the hormone produced nocturnally by the pineal gland, serves as a circadian time cue and sleep-anticipating signal in humans. With age, melatonin production declines and the prevalence of sleep disorders, particularly insomnia, increases. The efficacy and safety of a prolonged release melatonin formulation (PR-melatonin; Circadin* 2 mg) were examined in insomnia patients aged 55 years and older. ⋯ PR-melatonin results in significant and clinically meaningful improvements in sleep quality, morning alertness, sleep onset latency and quality of life in primary insomnia patients aged 55 years and over.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting: post hoc analysis of pooled data from two randomized active-controlled trials of aprepitant.
Compared with the 5HT(3) antagonist ondansetron, the NK(1) antagonist aprepitant has been shown in two double-blind trials to provide greater protection against postoperative vomiting and comparable or greater control of nausea. Post hoc analyses of pooled data from these trials were performed to more fully characterize the efficacy profile of aprepitant in terms of nausea and use of rescue therapy. ⋯ These post hoc analyses confirm the favorable efficacy profile of aprepitant for the prevention of post operative nausea and vomiting.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Open-label study of the safety and effectiveness of long-term therapy with extended-release tramadol in the management of chronic nonmalignant pain.
Tramadol ER* is a once-daily oral analgesic for management of moderate-to-moderately severe chronic pain in adults who require around-the-clock treatment of pain. This study evaluated long-term safety of tramadol ER and effectiveness outcomes in the management of chronic, nonmalignant pain. ⋯ Individualized dose titration and limiting once-daily therapy with tramadol ER to the maximum recommended daily dose of 300 mg may balance tolerability and analgesic effects of tramadol ER in patients with chronic, nonmalignant pain.