Current medical research and opinion
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This open-label, phase 3b study evaluated the effectiveness and tolerability of tapentadol prolonged release and tapentadol immediate release (for acute pain episodes) for severe, chronic low back pain with or without a neuropathic pain component that was inadequately managed in patients taking World Health Organization (WHO) Step I or II analgesics or who were not regularly treated with analgesics. ⋯ Tapentadol prolonged release was well tolerated and effective for managing severe, chronic low back pain with or without a neuropathic pain component.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative Study
Efficacy and tolerability of rosiglitazone and pioglitazone in drug-naïve Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a double-blind, 28 weeks' treatment, comparative study.
A 28-week, randomized, placebo-controlled study was performed to evaluate efficacy and tolerability of rosiglitazone in Japanese type 2 diabetes patients. ⋯ Although non-inferiority to pioglitazone up to 45 mg in efficacy was not shown, rosiglitazone was confirmed to have clinically meaningful efficacy over placebo and fewer fluid-related events than pioglitazone. The study is registered on ClinicalTrials.gov as protocol NCT00297063.
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Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Pa) is the predominant pathogen infecting the airways of patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). Initial colonization is usually transient and associated with non-mucoid strains, which can be eradicated if identified early. This strategy can prevent, or at least delay, chronic Pa infection, which eventually develops in the majority of patients by their late teens or early adulthood. This article discusses the management and latest treatment developments of Pa lung infection in patients with CF, with a focus on nebulized antibiotic therapy. ⋯ Current challenges in the management of CF patients with chronic Pa lung infection are numerous. The availability of novel anti-pseudomonal antibiotic formulations/devices is anticipated to improve treatment adherence in patients with CF, and could improve clinical outcomes. Thus, there is hope for improved survival in individuals with CF suffering from chronic pulmonary infection with Pa.
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The topical 5% lidocaine medicated plaster is recommended as first-line treatment for localized peripheral neuropathic pain. ⋯ Treatment of several, primarily neuropathic and mixed-pain conditions with the 5% lidocaine medicated plaster was found efficacious and safe. Further controlled studies, in particular where only small open-label studies or case reports are available, should be considered.
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Multicenter Study Clinical Trial
Long-term safety and efficacy of ambrisentan in Japanese adults with pulmonary arterial hypertension.
To investigate the safety and efficacy of long-term administration of ambrisentan in Japanese adults with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). ⋯ Our results suggest that long-term administration of ambrisentan is well tolerated and efficacious for Japanese adults with PAH.