Current medical research and opinion
-
The present review was performed to identify possible differences observed between adults and elderly patients and between males and females in randomized clinical trials of breakthrough pain (BTP). ⋯ There is a need for more information regarding the use of opioids for BTP according to age and gender.
-
Comparative Study
Real-world comparative effectiveness and safety of rivaroxaban and warfarin in nonvalvular atrial fibrillation patients.
Rivaroxaban was shown to be effective in reducing the risk of stroke and systemic embolism in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (AF) in a randomized controlled trial setting. ⋯ This analysis suggests that rivaroxaban and warfarin do not differ significantly in real-world rates of composite stroke and systemic embolism and major, intracranial, or GI bleeding. Rivaroxaban, however, was associated with significantly fewer VTE events and significantly better treatment persistence compared with warfarin.
-
To estimate longitudinal trends in prevalence and incidence rates of adult ADHD 2006-2009. ⋯ Adult ADHD prevalence in this managed care organization appears low, but showed increasing prevalence and incidence rates over time.
-
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Dose-finding study of luseogliflozin in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a 12-week, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase II study.
Luseogliflozin is a selective sodium glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor under development for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This phase II study was conducted to confirm the efficacy and safety of luseogliflozin monotherapy at doses of up to 10 mg in Japanese patients with T2DM. ⋯ Patients with hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) of 6.9-10.5% on diet therapy were randomized in a double-blind manner to treatment with 1, 2.5, 5, or 10 mg luseogliflozin or placebo for 12 weeks (n = 56, 56, 54, 58, and 58, respectively).
-
Alpha2-adrenoceptor (α2 AR) antagonists inhibit the growth of breast cancer cells. The action of beta2-adrenoceptors (β2 AR) on cell proliferation is still controversial. In this study, we investigated the association of α2a and β2 AR expression with tumor-relevant biological markers and clinical outcome. ⋯ In hormone receptor positive breast cancer patients, strong β2 AR expression is correlated with better DFS than weak β2 AR expression and an interaction may exist between β2 AR and hormone receptor pathways. Some limitations of this study were the relatively small sample size and the intrinsic nature of retrospective study per se. Findings of the study are for hypothesis only and need to be confirmed in large prospective studies.