Current medical research and opinion
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To improve understanding of current practices in the treatment of children and adolescents with chronic pain in Spain. ⋯ This survey has identified considerable limitations in the management of children and adolescents with chronic pain in Spain. This information can now be used by policy makers to improve the care given to children and adolescents suffering from chronic pain and their families.
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In this study, we investigated the use of direct-acting antivirals (DAAs), medical expenses and clinical outcomes since the initiation of national health insurance coverage in Taiwan. ⋯ This study explored three important issues related to DAAs: drug utilization, medical expenses and clinical outcomes following the insurance coverage by using the National Health Insurance Database. Cases were divided into three groups based on the treatment type: traditional treatment (interferon, INF), new drug treatment (DAA) and INF-experienced (INF followed by DAA). After the adjustment of various personal and hospital factors, the DAA group and INF-experienced group had significantly lower rehospitalization rates, and the DAA group had a significantly lower risk of liver function disorders, compared to the interferon group. There was a lower chance of rehospitalization and lower liver function disorder rates with longer treatment.
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Meta Analysis Comparative Study
Efficacy and safety of baloxavir marboxil versus neuraminidase inhibitors in the treatment of influenza virus infection in high-risk and uncomplicated patients - a Bayesian network meta-analysis.
Previous network meta-analysis (NMA) demonstrated advantageous or similar efficacy of baloxavir marboxil (baloxavir) over neuraminidase inhibitors in otherwise healthy (OwH) influenza patients. This analysis assessed the efficacy and safety of baloxavir in the subgroup of high-risk (HR) patients and in the population of uncomplicated influenza consisting of OwH and HR patients with influenza. ⋯ Conclusions: Baloxavir was significantly more effective than placebo regarding all outcomes except for the risk of pneumonia. Besides, baloxavir was associated with similar clinical efficacy and safety, and superior antiviral activity compared to other antivirals in HR patients, as well as in the entire population of uncomplicated patients with influenza.
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The aim of this study was to review clinical evidence supporting the use of fixed-dose combination of tiotropium and olodaterol, a long-acting muscarinic antagonist (LAMA) and a long-acting β2-agonist (LABA), respectively, as the initial and follow-up treatment choice in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) as per Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) 2020 recommendations-the impact of this treatment strategy on the reduction in the risk of exacerbations-and the importance of early therapeutic interventions. ⋯ The early stages of COPD may represent a "window of therapeutic opportunity" during which initiation of tiotropium and olodaterol dual bronchodilator therapy may improve lung function and quality of life and reduce exacerbations in patients with COPD.
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To describe the radiological features of coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) and to explore the significant signs that indicate severity of disease. ⋯ Consolidation, pure GGO and multifocal distribution on a CT scan were associated with severe COVID-19. The dandelion and focal crazy paving signs indicate mild COVID-19.