Current medical research and opinion
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Long-term effects of pioglitazone in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes without a recent history of macrovascular morbidity.
To evaluate the efficacy of pioglitazone for the prevention of macrovascular outcomes in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes, without a recent history of macrovascular morbidity. ⋯ UMIN000001363.
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To determine the direct healthcare costs associated with the onset of chronic nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (CNVAF), warfarin utilization and the occurrence of cerebrovascular events in a commercially-insured population. ⋯ Post-AF total direct healthcare costs were 3 times greater than pre-AF costs. For those with a TIA, IS or MB, post-AF total direct healthcare costs increased 4.5 times from pre-AF costs; overall post-event costs in this cohort increased approximately 25% over pre-event costs. Nearly half of the events occurred within 1 month of a claim associated with an AF diagnosis. Warfarin exposure appeared to be associated with lower pmpm costs in this population.
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Comparative Study
Healthcare costs of GERD and acid-related conditions in pediatric patients, with comparison between histamine-2 receptor antagonists and proton pump inhibitors.
Gastroesophageal reflux disease and acid-related conditions (GERD/ARC) are common in pediatric practice but their costs have not been well characterized. ⋯ Pediatric GERD/ARC patients incurred significantly higher healthcare costs compared to similar children without GERD/ARC. Compared to patients initiated with H(2)RAs, patients initiated with PPIs had more baseline comorbidities, and lower GERD/ARC-related HCC after beginning treatment.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
A comparison of intranasal fentanyl spray with oral transmucosal fentanyl citrate for the treatment of breakthrough cancer pain: an open-label, randomised, crossover trial.
The efficacy of intranasal fentanyl spray (INFS) was compared with that of oral transmucosal fentanyl citrate (OTFC) for the relief of cancer-related breakthrough pain (BTP) in an open-label, crossover trial. ⋯ In this open-label, randomised, crossover trial, significantly more patients attained faster 'meaningful' pain relief with INFS than OTFC, and more patients preferred INFS to OTFC.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Diclofenac plus B vitamins versus diclofenac monotherapy in lumbago: the DOLOR study.
To assess the influence of vitamins B1, B6 and B12 on the analgesia success achieved by diclofenac in subjects with acute lumbago. ⋯ The combination of diclofenac with B vitamins was superior to diclofenac monotherapy in lumbago relief after 3 days of treatment. As a study drawback, daily VAS measurements were only recorded until subject withdrawal from treatment, whether after 3, 5, or 7 days. There were no differences in safety profile between the two study groups.