Current medical research and opinion
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Efficacy and safety of exenatide administered before the two largest daily meals of Latin American patients with type 2 diabetes.
To evaluate whether exenatide administered before breakfast and dinner (BD) or before lunch and dinner (LD) provided similar glycemic control in Latin American patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) who consume a small breakfast. ⋯ In T2DM patients who consume a small breakfast, exenatide administration before breakfast or lunch resulted in significant improvement in glycemic control.
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Comparative Study
Comparison of escitalopram versus citalopram for the treatment of major depressive disorder in a geriatric population.
To compare escitalopram versus citalopram for the treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD) in geriatric patients. ⋯ Geriatric patients treated with escitalopram had better treatment persistence, fewer hospitalizations, and lower medical and total healthcare costs than patients treated with citalopram. Most of the cost reduction was attributable to significantly lower hospitalizations and total medical costs.
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The objectives of the current study were twofold. First, this study examined the prevalence of anemia in nursing home residents in the USA and its relationship with key resident characteristics and medical conditions. Second, the study explored whether an association between anemia and falls is evident in this same population. ⋯ Anemia in nursing home residents appears to be under-recognized. For residents over 70 years, the prevalence of anemia in both male and female residents was approximately four times the rate reported in a study of older community dwellers (Salive et al., 1992). Both anemia and the use of psychoactive medications are potentially modifiable factors strongly associated with falling. Since falls and related fractures are events associated with high morbidity and mortality, each of these factors deserves special consideration for potentially reducing the risk of such events in the nursing home.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
24-hour control of intraocular pressure with 2% dorzolamide/0.5% timolol fixed-combination ophthalmic solution in open-angle glaucoma.
To evaluate the 24-hour efficacy and tolerability of 2% dorzolamide/0.5% timolol fixed combination (DTFC) solution in open-angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension. ⋯ Both DTFC and timolol provided significant IOP reduction over the entire 24-hour measurement period. Although this study was not designed or powered to compare DTFC and timolol, DTFC exhibited greater IOP-lowering than timolol during the daytime, but not at night.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Efficacy and safety of pantoprazole 20 mg once daily treatment in patients with ulcer-like functional dyspepsia.
To investigate the efficacy of pantoprazole 20 mg once daily (o.d.) in relieving epigastric pain associated with ulcer-like functional dyspepsia. ⋯ Results of this study suggest that pantoprazole 20 mg is more efficacious than placebo, and is a well-tolerated treatment for relieving epigastric pain in patients with ulcer-like functional dyspepsia. Further research is needed to confirm these findings.